丙烯酸装置余热锅炉炉管的爆裂原因  

Fracture Cause of Waste Heat Boiler Tube for Acrylic Plant

作　　者：金光熙[1] 金光日[2] 毕学文[2] 华硕[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林化工学院理学院,吉林132022 [2]吉林石化公司电石厂,吉林132021

出　　处：《机械工程材料》2013年第4期93-96,共4页Materials For Mechanical Engineering

摘　　要：对某丙烯酸装置余热锅炉发生爆裂的20钢炉管的化学成分、显微组织、内垢物物相组成等进行了研究,分析了爆裂的原因。结果表明:炉管内水中的硫酸钙在内壁结垢导致炉管的传热系数下降和水流量不足,从而引起炉管高温蠕胀和外壁升温氧化,导致炉管材料的珠光体球化和石墨化,降低了炉管的高温性能;而炉管蠕胀和外部氧化膜脱落导致炉管减薄和内部结垢加剧,最终引起炉管爆裂;为防止爆管建议软化水质和炉管升级。The chemical compositions, microstructure of waste heat boiler tube for acrylic plant and phase compositions of internal scale were studied, tile fracture cause was analyzed. The results show that calcium sulfate in Ihe water scaled in tile inner surface of the furnace tube, leading heat transfer coefficient of the furnace tube to decrease and water flow insufficiently, which caused the creep expansion of furnace tubes and warming and oxidation of outside wall of furnace tube. Spheroidization and graphitization of pearlite of furnace tube material reduced the high teml）erature properties. External oxide layer deterioration and creep expansion can cause furnace tube to be thin and the internal furnace scaling lo aggravate, finally cause the furnace tube to burst. The softened water and the ralionalizalion I）roposals to upgrade the furnace tube had been put forward.

关 键 词：20钢管 余热锅炉 结垢 蠕胀 爆裂 

分 类 号：TG172[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]