梭鱼人工养殖群体与自然群体的随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)分析  

Genetic variation analysis of two mullet populations through randomly amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) method

作　　者：权洁霞[1] 戴继勋[1] 沈颂东[1] 邓景耀[2] 庄志猛[2] 

机构地区：[1]青岛海洋大学海洋生命学院,青岛266003 [2]中国水产科学院黄海水产研究所,青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋学报》2000年第5期82-87,共6页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金!(编号:39630260)

摘　　要：利用随机扩增多态ＤＮＡ（ＲＡＰＤ）技术，对黄河口海域梭鱼人工养殖群体与自然群体的遗传多样性进行了分析比较，以期由分子水平了解梭鱼的种群遗传多样性背景及人为干涉因素对梭鱼种群遗传多样性造成的影响．选用ＯＰＣ组２０个１０碱基对（ｂｐ）的随机引物，对采自河北省黄骅市的２４尾野生梭鱼和１５尾人工养殖梭鱼进行了分析．选出１１个扩增效果稳定的引物用于群体分析，扩增结果具有较好的可重复性．１１个引物共检出１１２个位点，其中养殖群体中有９４个表现多态，多态比例为 ８３． ９３％；自然群体在 ９６个位点上表现多态，多态比例为 ８５． ７１％．经计算，养殖群体的遗传多样性指数为 ０． ２１２ ４，自然群体的遗传多样性指数为 ０． ２２７１；梭鱼两群体间的相似系数为 ９２． ８２％，遗传距离为 ０． ０７１８．研究结果表明，目前黄河口海域梭鱼群体的遗传多样性比较丰富，人工养殖过程对其未造成明显的影响，估计这与人工养殖过程中人为干涉因素少（如育苗历史短、亲鱼来源于自然群体、无定向选择和近亲繁殖等）有关．这一结果表明，梭鱼的人工养殖业在黄河口海域有很好的发展前景．RAPD method is explored to investigate the genetic variation between cultivated population(CP) and natural population(NP) of mullet (Liza haematocheila) distributed in waters of the Huanghe River Estuary. Using 11 decamer random primers, 112 RAPD sites are detected in the 39 fishes. The high percentage of polymorphic sites (83. 93 % in CP, 85. 71 % in NP) and the high genetic diversity index (H) (0. 212 4 in CP, 0. 227 1 in NP) show rich genetic diversity in the two mullet populations. The big genetic similarity index (F = 92. 82% ) and the small genetic distance (D = 0. 071 8) indicate that there is not obvious genetic differentiation between the two populations, which suggests that aquaculture has generated little reduction in genetic.diversity of mullet in this area. The results suggest that squaculture of mullets will be a promising industry in the area of the Huanghe River Estuary.

关 键 词：梭鱼 随机扩增多态DNA 遗传多样性 人工养殖 

分 类 号：S965.234[农业科学—水产养殖]