新型船载气象卫星接收系统  

A new type of shipboard meteorological satellite receiving-processing system

作　　者：解思梅[1] 郝春江[1] 邹斌[1] 盛晓文 张灿荣 荆其一 廖晓宏 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋环境预报中心,北京100081 [2]北京航天工业总公司二院,北京100845 [3]北京川页电气公司,北京100101

出　　处：《海洋学报》2000年第4期31-40,共10页

基　　金：国家海洋局重点科技攻关项目资助!9501;国家"九五"攻关项目资助!98-927-01

摘　　要：新型船载气象卫星接收系统为南极考察船的航海气象保障和在南大洋冰区中航行导航专门研制．该系统能够适应高温、高湿和低温超饱和的气候环境，在12级以上大风和船在破冰时剧烈摇摆和振动以及有雷达等强磁场信号干扰的情况下，具有自我保护能力．有极轨高分辨和静止低分辨卫星的双套接收和图像处理系统．该系统的关键创新之处：（1）采用了有源陀螺仪稳定平台．利用惯性测量和三轴伺服机构控制天线和隔离船摇．解决极轨卫星低仰角和过顶轨道高仰角跟踪丢线的矛盾，解决了船在运动状态下，不断改变位置、方向以及摇摆的状态下，准确地跟踪和捕捉到卫星，接收到清晰的卫星云图．（2）图像处理系统用了最新的BORLAND－DELPHI语言编程，采用两行元素的轨道模式计算动态定位套网格系统．利用电子地图网格数据，用迭代法画出地形海岸线．计算出每一像元素的位置；能够在图上显示任意一点的经纬度，标出任意目标物．解决了在海洋中航行找不到参照物时的困惑．能够监测云和温度、林火、海洋及陆地的异常变化．能够输出24位真彩色的高清晰度的卫星云图．该系统整体结构技术先进，体积小，重量轻，适应恶劣气候和海洋环境，图像处理系统功能齐全、分辨率高，操作方便．既适用于各种船只，也适用于陆地．The shipboard meteorological satellite receiving - processing system (SMSRPS) is specially developed for the navigation meteorological safeguard of the Antarctic exploration ship over the sea ice area of the Southtrn Ocean. This system can suit to the climate environment of very high temperature - high moisture and very low temperature - supersaturation; it has a self-protection ability to against the hurricane - force wind over Force 12 and the strong vibration during icebreaking, as well as strong magnetic disturbance. It has two sets of receiving - imagery processing systems for polar orbit low - resolution and quasi - stationary high - melution satellites. The key creation points of this system are as follows: (1 ) The active gmp - control stabilization platform and a mixed mounting system of three rotating a -β and X - Y axes sre used. It solved the tracing difficulties both in the low elevation angle and very high elevation angle of polar - orbit satellite, even in the status of ship moving with continuously changing its position, direction and ship roll and pitch. (2) Imagery processing subsystem. The newest BORLAND -DELPHI language programming and PASCAL language software are used under Windows 95 environment. It has a dynamic positioning nested - grid system and electric mapping ghd data system. It can show the latitude - longitude of any point on the map, and marks any object such as ship, station or island, and draws the route. It can monitor cloud and temperature, forest fire, anomalous change of ocean and land. It can output satellite cloud maps of 24 bit with very high clarity. This system is very advanced in technique for the whoe structure with the features of small volume, light weight and very low cost. It suits to very bad climate and ocean environment. Its imagery processing system has complete functions with high resolution and beiing very easy to opeate. It is not only suit to land use, but also specially to all kinds of ship over the sea. It can be extended to domestic and international us

关 键 词：船载气象卫星 接收处理系统 图像处理系统 

分 类 号：P716.3[天文地球—海洋科学] TN959.4[电子电信—信号与信息处理]