盐酸法富集钨渣中的钽和铌  

Enrichment of tantalum and niobium from tungsten residue by hydrochloric acid method

作　　者：杨秀丽[1] 王晓辉[2] 向仕彪[3] 孙青[3] 魏昶[1] 郑诗礼[2] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,昆明650093 [2]中国科学院过程工程研究所湿法冶金清洁生产技术国家工程实验室,北京100190 [3]中国矿业大学化学与环境工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2013年第3期873-881,共9页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2009AA06Z103);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51004094)

摘　　要：采用ICP-OES、XRD和SEM-EDS分别对钨渣成分、物相及各元素分布状态进行分析。结果表明,钨渣的主要物相为铁/锰氧化物、硅酸盐及石英,钽和铌主要包裹于含硅、锰物相中。在此基础上,提出了钨渣稀盐酸脱硅-浓盐酸深度脱铁、锰的钽铌酸法富集新方法。考察钨渣中硅、铁、锰、钙和铝等杂质元素的脱除规律,获得最优工艺条件。在最优条件下,钨渣脱硅率可达70%以上,铁和锰的脱除率可分别达到98.01%和98.71%,钽和铌回收率分别为86.57%和82.48%,富集渣中钽和铌的品位分别达到2.81%和9.23%,可直接作为钽铌湿法冶炼工业原料。The composition, phase and element distribution of tungsten slag were analyzed by ICP-OES, XRD and SEM-EDS, respectively. The results show that the main phases of tungsten slag are iron-manganese oxides, silicate and quartz. Tantalum and niobium are mainly encapsulated in silicon-manganese phases. Based on this analysis, a new method was proposed for tantalum and niobium enrichment which includes desilication with dilute hydrochloric acid and iron-manganese deeply removing with concentrated hydrochloric acid. The removal rules of silicon, iron, manganese, calcium and aluminum were investigated, and the optimum process conditions were obtained. Under the optimum process conditions, the desilication rate is over 70%, while the iron and manganese removal rates reach 98.01% and 98.71%, respectively. The recovery rates of tantalum and niobium reach 86.57% and 82.48%, respectively, and the tantalum and niobium grades in the enriched slag reach 2.81% and 9.23%, respectively. The enriched slag can be used as raw materials in tantalum and niobium hydrometallurgical industry.

关 键 词：钨渣 钽 铌 富集 酸法 

分 类 号：TF841.6[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]