缝洞型碳酸盐岩油气分布规律及成藏条件：以塔中北斜坡东部鹰山组为例  

Oil-gas Distribution and Play Elements of the Fracture-vug Type Carbonate Reservoir Bed:Take Yingshan Formation in the Eastern of Northern Slope in Tazhong Area for an Example

作　　者：华晓莉[1,2,3] 吕修祥[1,2] 华侨[4] 孙希家 王祥[5] 张金辉 于红枫[5] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学地球科学学院,北京102249 [2]中国石油大学油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京102249 [3]中海石油中国有限公司天津分公司,天津300452 [4]中国石化胜利油田分公司临盘采油厂,山东德州251509 [5]中国石油塔里木油田分公司勘探开发研究院,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《现代地质》2013年第2期346-355,共10页Geoscience

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41072102);国家“973”项目(2012CB214804);国家科技重大专项项目(2011ZX05008-003)

摘　　要：缝洞型碳酸盐岩储集层具有强烈的非均质性,其油气成藏及富集规律极其复杂,充分认识此类油气藏的形成条件及分布特点对油气藏进一步勘探及有效开发至关重要。通过对东部井区的统计分析,目的层油气性质与I号断裂带及走滑断裂密切相关,平面上塔中北斜坡东部鹰山组油气具有"西油东气,内油外气"的分布特征,纵向上油气集中在不整合面以下200 m内,沿风化壳不整合面呈"准层状"分布。从源、储、盖、运等成藏要素角度对油气成藏控制因素进行了综合研究,结果表明:该研究区发育两套烃源岩,且经历了多期充注,为油气聚集提供了充足的物质基础;后期构造抬升及断裂活动促进岩溶作用的进行,改善了储层的储集性能,为油气富集提供了有利的场所;良三段到良五段致密灰岩分布广、厚度大,可以有效封闭油气,为油气聚集提供了较好的保存条件;塔中北斜坡东部断裂及不整合面是油气成藏的关键,沟通源岩为油气运移聚集提供了良好的通道。The fracture-rug type carbonate reservoir bed is strongly heterogeneous. Hydrocarbon accumulation and enrichment in such reservoirs is extremely complicated, so it is very important for further exploration and effective development of carbonate reservoir to fully understand its formation conditions and distribution characteristics. Through statistical analysis of eastern well-block, oil-gas properties of the target bed are closely related to the Tazhong No. 1 fault zone and strike-slip faults. Oil and gas of Yingshan Formation in the eastern part of northern slope, Tazhong Low Rise are characterized by ＂gas in the east, oil in the west, gas in the exterior, oil in the interior＂ on the plane, and accumulate within 200 m under unconformity in ＂quasi layer＂ distribution ahong weathering crust in the vertical direction. In this paper hydrocarbon accumulation controlling factors were studied from the angle of play elements, such as source, storage, cover, transport and so on, and the results showed that two sets of souree rocks which experienced muhi-filling and provided supply for oil and gas accumulation developed in the study area. Later structural uplift and fault activities which promoted karstifieation, improved reservoir bed quality and provided favorable places for hydrocarbon enrichment. Widely distributed, thick compact limestone of Lianglitage third to fifth members effectively sealed oil and gas and provided good preservalion conditions for oil and gas accumulation. The faults and unconformity surface of the eastern part of northern slope, Tazhong Low Rise is the key to oil and gas at, cumulation, source rocks and reservoiI.＇S communieation.

关 键 词：油气分布规律 成藏条件 缝洞型碳酸盐岩 鹰山组 塔中北斜坡东部 

分 类 号：TE122.3[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]