675名中小学生发样中Ca、Fe、Zn和Cu含量的检测及其意义  

Detection of Ca,Fe,Zn and Cu contents in hair of 675 primary and secondary school students and its significance

作　　者：杨思嘉[1,2] 陈阳 徐珊珊[1] 潘阳[1] 姚宇航[1] 杨雪玲[3] 李波[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室,吉林长春130021 [2]吉林省长春市朝阳区卫生局卫生监督所,吉林长春130021 [3]吉林大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学教研室,吉林长春130021

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（医学版）》2013年第2期391-395,共5页Journal of Jilin University：Medicine Edition

基　　金：吉林省卫生厅科研基金资助课题(2011Z059);长白山天然矿泉水靖宇水源保护区管理局资助课题(2011)

摘　　要：目的:了解吉林省靖宇县和东辽县中小学生发样中钙(Ca)、铁(Fe)、锌(Zn)和铜(Cu)含量,为指导中小学生合理膳食及预防矿物质缺乏病的发生提供依据。方法:采用分层整群抽样的方法抽取靖宇县和东辽县中小学生675名,应用ICP-MS法检测发样中Ca、Fe、Zn和Cu含量,比较不同性别及不同年龄组中小学生发样中4种矿物质的含量及4种矿物质的缺乏率;分析Ca、Fe、Zn和Cu之间以及4种矿物质与形态指标的相关性。采用Epidata 3.0建立数据库,应用SPSS 13.0统计软件进行统计分析。结果:675名中小学生发样中Ca缺乏率最高,为32.9%(222/675),其次为Fe(22.4%,151/675)、Zn(16.6%,112/675)和Cu(0.6%,4/675);不同性别中小学生发样中Ca、Fe和Zn含量分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且女生高于男生;但Cu含量分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同年龄组中小学生发样中Ca和Zn含量分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),以8～10岁组Ca和Zn缺乏率最高;但Cu含量分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);年龄与Ca、Fe、Zn和Cu含量呈正相关关系(rs=0.129,rs=0.075,rs=0.204,rs=0.087,均P<0.05);Fe与Zn和Cu含量呈明显的正相关关系(rs=0.076,rs=0.149,均P<0.05);Ca和Zn含量与中小学生身高、体质量、胸围和坐高呈正相关关系(P<0.05)。结论:675名中小学生Ca和Fe的缺乏率较高,Ca、Fe、Zn和Cu含量是影响儿童生长发育的重要因素,应予以足够重视,给予合理膳食并适当补充钙片和铁剂。Objective To understand the contents of Ca,Fe,Zn and Cu in hair of primary and secondary students in Jingyu county and Dongliao of Jilin Province and to provide basis for guiding reasonable diet and preventing the occurrence of mineral deficiency.Methods Stratified cluster sampling method was used to extract 675 primary and secondary school students and the Ca,Fe,Zn and Cu contents in the hair were detected by ICP-MS method;the contents and deficiency rates of the four kinds of minerals in the hair of 675 primary and secondary school students with different genders and different ages were compared;and the relationships between Ca,Fe,Zn,Cu,and the correlations of the four kinds of minerals with the morphological indexes were analyzed.Epidata 3.0 was used to establish the database,and SPSS 13.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis.Results The Ca deficiency rate of 675 primary and secondary students was the highest（32.9%,222/675）,followed by Fe（22.4%,151/675）,Zn（16.6%,112/675） and Cu（0.6%,4/675）.The distribution of Ca,Fe and Zn contents in the hair of the students with different genders had significant differences（P0.05）,and the girls＇,were higher than the boys＇,but the distribution of Cu contents had no significant difference（P0.05）;the distribution of Ca,Fe,Zn contents between different ages groups had significant differences（P0.05）,and the deficiency rates of Ca and Zn in 8 to 10 age group were the highest;but the distribution of content Cu had no statistically significant difference（P 0.05）.The age had positive correlation with Ca,Fe,Zn and Cu contents（rs = 0.129,rs = 0.075,rs =0.204,rs = 0.087,all P0.05）;and the Fe content had positive correlations with Zn and Cu contents（rs = 0.576,rs = 0.149,all P0.05）;and the Ca and Zn contents had positive correlations with the height,weight,chest circumference and sitting height of the students（P0.05）.Conclusion The deficiency rates of Ca and Fe in 675 primary and secondary students are higher;the contents o

关 键 词：中小学生 钙 铁 锌 铜 相关分析 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]