Landslides and Slope Fissures Triggered by the April 14,2010 Yushu Earthquake, China  

作　　者：Xu Chong Xu Xiwei Yu Guihua 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Active Tectonics and Volcano, Institute of Geology

出　　处：《Earthquake Research in China》2013年第1期1-22,共22页中国地震研究（英文版）

基　　金：sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation,China(40821160550),supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41202235 );the Basic Scientific Fund of the Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration (IGCEA1215)

摘　　要：On April 14, 2010 at 07：49 （Beijing time）, a catastrophic earthquake with Ms 7. 1 occurred at the central Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The epicenter was located at Yushu county, Qinghai Province, China. A total of 2036 landslides were determined from visual interpretation of aerial photographs and high resolution remote sensing images, and verified by selected field investigations. These landslides covered a total area of about 1. 194km~. Characteristics and failure mechanisms of these landslides are listed in this paper, including the fact that the spatial distribution of these landslides is controlled by co- seismic main surface fault ruptures. Most of the landslides were small scale, causing rather less hazards, and often occurring close to each other. The landslides were of various types, including mainly disrupted landslides and rock falls in shallows and also deep-seated landslides, liquefaction induced landslides, and compound landslides. In addition to strong ground shaking, which is the direct landslide triggering factor, geological, topographical, and human activity also have impact on the occurrence of earthquake triggered landslides. In this paper, five types of failure mechanisms related to the landslides are presented, namely, the excavated toes of slopes accompanied by strong ground shaking; surface water infiltration accompanied by strong ground shaking; co- seismic fault slipping accompanied by strong ground shaking; only strong ground shaking; and delayed occurrence of landslides due to snow melt or rainfall infiltration at sites where slopes were weakened by co-seismic ground shaking. Besides the main co-seismic surface ruptures, slope fissures were also delineated from visual interpretation of aerial photographs in high resolution. A total of 4814 slope fissures, with a total length up to 77. lkm, were finally mapped. These slope fissures are mainly distributed on the slopes located at the southeastern end of the main co-seismic surface rupture zone, an area subject to strong compression durOn April 14, 2010 at 07:49 (Beijing time), a catastrophic earthquake with MS7.1 occurred at the central Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The epicenter was located at Yushu county, Qinghai Province, China. A total of 2036 landslides were determined from visual interpretation of aerial photographs and high resolution remote sensing images, and verified by selected field investigations. These landslides covered a total area of about 1.194km2. Characteristics and failure mechanisms of these landslides are listed in this paper, including the fact that the spatial distribution of these landslides is controlled by co-seismic main surface fault ruptures. Most of the landslides were small scale, causing rather less hazards, and often occurring close to each other. The landslides were of various types, including mainly disrupted landslides and rock falls in shallows and also deep-seated landslides, liquefaction induced landslides, and compound landslides. In addition to strong ground shaking, which is the direct landslide triggering factor, geological, topographical, and human activity also have impact on the occurrence of earthquake triggered landslides. In this paper, five types of failure mechanisms related to the landslides are presented, namely, the excavated toes of slopes accompanied by strong ground shaking; surface water infiltration accompanied by strong ground shaking; co-seismic fault slipping accompanied by strong ground shaking; only strong ground shaking; and delayed occurrence of landslides due to snow melt or rainfall infiltration at sites where slopes were weakened by co-seismic ground shaking. Besides the main co-seismic surface ruptures, slope fissures were also delineated from visual interpretation of aerial photographs in high resolution. A total of 4814 slope fissures, with a total length up to 77.1km, were finally mapped. These slope fissures are mainly distributed on the slopes located at the southeastern end of the main co-seismic surface rupture zone, an area subject to strong compression during the eart

关 键 词：Landslides triggered by the Yushu earthquake Spatial distribution Failure mechanism Slope fissure 

分 类 号：P642.22[天文地球—工程地质学] TU4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]