青藏高原重要牧草高山嵩草的研究现状  

Research of Important Forage Kobresia pygmaea in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

作　　者：李雄[1,2] 胡向阳[1,2] 杨永平[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院昆明植物研究所,云南昆明650204 [2]中国科学院青藏高原研究所昆明部,云南昆明650204

出　　处：《草业与畜牧》2013年第1期30-39,共10页Pruataculture & Animal Husbandry

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)-青藏高原气候系统变化及其对东亚区域的影响与机制研究(2010CB951704)

摘　　要：高山嵩草因为自身重要的生态价值和经济价值,对青藏高原地区生态环境的稳定和畜牧业的发展具有重要意义。随着气候环境的变化,以及过度放牧等人类活动的加剧,高山嵩草及其生态系统的生存和发展受到严重破坏,带来了一系列既有的或潜在的影响。这越来越引起了社会的关注,人们努力从各方面研究高山嵩草及其生态系统,以期实现高山嵩草草甸的可持续利用。本文从高山嵩草的种质资源评价、高山嵩草草甸群落特征和动态、环境干扰对高山嵩草及其生态系统的影响和高山嵩草对环境的适应,以及高山嵩草草甸的保护和修复等方面总结和分析了国内对高山嵩草的研究,旨在加深对高山嵩草为代表的高山植物的认知和了解,为今后高山嵩草的研究指明方向,为高寒草甸的保护、利用和恢复提供科学依据。Due to its important ecological and economic value, Kobresia pygmaea plays an important role in the stability of the ecological environment and the development of animal husbandry on Tibetan Plateau. As the climate environment changes and human activities including over-grazing aggravate, survival and development of Kobresia pygmaea and its ecosystem has been severely damaged, which brings a range of existing or potential impact. This has drawn increasing concern from society, and people strive to study Kobresia pygmaea as well as its ecosystem in all aspects, with the hope of achieving the sustainable use of Kobresia pygmaea meadow. This article makes a summary and analysis of domestic research progress of Kobresia pygmaea from contents as follows： germplasm resources evaluation of Kobresia pygmaea, characteristics and dynamics of Kobresia pygmaea meadow communities, environmental disturbance on Kobresia pygmaea and its ecosystem, adaptation of Kobresia pygmaea to the environment, and the protection and restoration of Kobresia pygmaea meadow. On this basis, we aim to enhance awareness and understanding of the alpine plants represented by Kobresia pygmaea; at the same time, it has a direction for the future research of Kobresia pygmaea and provides a scientific basis for the protection, use and recovery of the alpine meadow.

关 键 词：高山嵩草 青藏高原 高寒草甸 放牧 黑土滩 

分 类 号：S543.024[农业科学—作物学]