黄瓜种传镰刀菌粗毒素检测及其致害作用  

Study on the detection and harmful effect of crude toxin produced by cucumber seedborne Fusarium species

作　　者：蒋荷[1] 郑慧慧[1] 曹莎[1] 吴学宏[1] 黄俊生[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院/农业部植物病理学重点实验室,北京100193 [2]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2013年第3期101-107,共7页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目资助(200903049)

摘　　要：为检测黄瓜种传镰刀菌产生的粗毒素中镰刀菌酸含量及其对种子和幼苗的致害作用,采用乙酸乙酯和乙醚萃取法提取其中的镰刀菌酸并利用HPLC法进行定量分析,通过粗毒素处理黄瓜种子及幼苗根部测定其对种子发芽的影响和幼苗的致枯萎作用。结果表明:供试7株种传镰刀菌SC-CQ-P、HLJ-XC-S、LN-ZN203-S、GD-HY-S、HN-XH-S、LN-ZN6-S和HB-TS-R粗毒素中都检测到镰刀菌酸,质量浓度分别为3 574.71、866.43、291.10、123.32、856.13、358.27和327.71μg/mL。种传镰刀菌粗毒素对黄瓜种子发芽具有一定的抑制作用;粗毒素浸渍黄瓜幼苗根部导致幼苗枯萎,并且其对幼苗的致枯萎作用随着镰刀菌酸浓度的升高和处理时间的延长而加重。To detect the concentration of fusaric acid in the crude toxin and its harmful effect on the seeds and seedlings,fusaric acid in the crude toxin was extracted from the cucumber seedborne Fusarium isolates with ethyl acetate and diethyl ether,and analysed using the method of high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）.The effects of the crude toxin on seed germination and seedlings were examined using the crude toxin to treat cucumber seeds and cucumber seedling roots.Results showed that fusaric acid was detected in all of the crude toxins from the seven seedborne Fusarium isolates（designed SC-CQ-P,HLJ-XC-S,LN-ZN203-S,GD-HY-S,HN-XH-S,LN-ZN6-S and HB-TS-R）,and the concentrations of fusaric acid were 3 574.71,866.43,291.10,123.32,856.13,358.27 and 327.71 μg/mL respectively.The crude toxin from all the seven isolates of Fusarium spp.affected cucumber seed germination negatively and caused wilt symptoms on cucumber seedling leaves,and the toxic effect on the seedlings was enhanced with the increase of the toxin concentration and the treatment time.To our knowledge,this is the first report about production of fusaric acid by the seedborne Fusarium species in cucumber and about the negative effect of the crude toxin for the cucumber seedlings in China.

关 键 词：黄瓜 种传镰刀菌 粗毒素 镰刀菌酸 HPLC 

分 类 号：S431.192[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]