3种水培观赏植物耗水特性及其与环境因子间的关系  

The Relationship Between Water Consumption and Environmental Factors of Three Aqua-Cultured Ornamental Plants

作　　者：陈友媛[1,2] 崔香[1,2] 胡广鑫[2] 李亚平[2] 韩亚军[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第4期80-84,共5页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家水专项(2009ZX07106-003)资助

摘　　要：为更好地理解水体-植物-大气系统水分运动规律,对3种景观植物春羽(Philodenron selloum Koch)、绿萝(Scindapsus aureun)和铜钱草(Hydrocotyle vulgaris)于2011年7～11月进行水培盆栽试验,室外观测3种水培植物的耗水量与水深和气象因子的关系。结果显示:3种水培植物的日、月耗水过程与太阳辐射的变化基本一致,峰值出现在10:00～14:00之间,8月份耗水量最大。在实验期间,铜钱草的耗水量最高为1 550g/m2d,春羽和绿萝的最高耗水量分别为690,420g/(m2.d),故缺水城市景观植物可不选铜钱草。相关和回归分析表明:在Ⅰ、Ⅱ2种水深条件下,春羽的耗水量差异显著(P<0.01),而绿萝和铜钱草差异不显著(P>0.01),在水深变化较大的情况,城市景观植物可不选春羽;影响3种水培植物耗水量的气象因子最主要是空气温度,其次是光照强度与空气湿度;并建立了气象参数预测植物的耗水量的优化模型。To better understand the rules of water movement in water-plant-air system,an experimental research on the relationships of the water consumption rules of three aqua-cultured plants named Philodenron selloum Koch,Scindapsus aureun and Hydrocotyle vulgaris with the water depth of container for potted plants and meteorologic element was conducted from July to November in 2011.The results showed that the rules of daily and monthly water consumption of three kinds of aqua-cultured plants and sun radiation were basically the same changes.The peak values of water consumption appeared from 10：00 to 14：00.The maximum water consumption showed in August.During the experimental period,the maximum water consumption of Hydrocotyle vulgaris was 1 550 g/m2d,and Philodenron selloum Koch,Scindapsus aureun were 690 g/m2d,420 g/m2d,respectively.Therefore,Hydrocotyle vulgari shouldn＇t be chosen in a water shortage city.Through variance analysis,it showed that the water consumption of Philodenron selloum Koch carried out in the I、II water level was significant difference（P0.01）,but Scindapsus aureun and Hydrocotyle vulgaris were no significant difference（P0.01）.Philodenron selloum Koch shouldn＇t be chosen in the case of large changes in water depth.According to the correlation and regression analysis among the leading meteorological factors that influence water consumption of the aqua-cultured plants,temperature was the key one,intensity of illumination was the second one,and then the relative humidity.The optimization model of the meteorological parameter built by using stepwise regression analysis could predict water consumption of the plants.

关 键 词：水培观赏植物 耗水量 盆栽 

分 类 号：S731.2[农业科学—林学]