生物组织弹性的测量与成像:基于振动的超声检测方法综述  

Measurement and Imaging of Biological Tissue Elasticity:A Review of the Vibration-based Ultrasound Methods

作　　者：李添捷[1,2] 郑永平[2] 汪源源[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学,上海200433 [2]香港理工大学

出　　处：《中国医疗器械信息》2013年第3期7-16,共10页China Medical Device Information

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11228411);香港理工大学基金(G-U803)对本研究的资助

摘　　要：生物组织力学特性的超声无损检测在生物医学的科学研究和临床实践中具有广泛的应用前景,是医学超声学研究的前沿课题。近二十年来,一些研究深入探讨了生物组织中振动的传播机制,提出了各种别具特色的组织弹性的超声测量和成像方法。这些方法有的采用外部振动单元产生激励,有的则利用声辐射力(Acoustic Radiation Force)将振动施加到生物组织内部,结合超声检测和信号处理技术,考察生物组织对振动激励的响应,实现组织弹性的测量与成像。本文主要对各种基于振动激励源的超声测量和成像方法进行综述。首先介绍相关的物理基础,然后简述典型方法的实现原理,最后探讨现阶段超声弹性测量和成像研究的不足,并对其未来的研究方向进行展望。Ultrasound allows noninvasive measurement of biological tissue elasticity,which is the forefront topic in the field of medical ultrasound,and has a promising prospect in scientific studies and clinical practices.During the last twenty years,different studies reported on the mechanism of vibration propagation within biological tissue.Ultrasound methods with special features are accordingly proposed to measure and image the elasticity of biological tissue.Some of these methods apply vibration on the surface of the object,while the others apply the stimulus internally by means of acoustic radiation force.Different techniques have been proposed to observe the response of biological tissue to vibration and to subsequently calculate the tissue elasticity parameters.This paper provides a review on the reported vibration-based ultrasound methods for biological tissue elasticity imaging and measurement.It first introduces the physics basis behind the methods,and then describes the principles of some typical methods.Finally,it summarizes some problems remained in this field,and discusses the research focuses in the future.

关 键 词：超声 弹性测量 弹性成像 声辐射力 剪切波 生物组织 

分 类 号：R445.1[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]