基于RS-GIS的喀斯特地区公路生态选线  

Ecological highway route selection of Karst area based on RS-GIS

作　　者：许金良[1] 田林[1] 牛冬瑜[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学特殊地区公路工程教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710064

出　　处：《长安大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第2期1-9,共9页Journal of Chang’an University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：山东省交通科技项目(2012-KJ002)

摘　　要：采集喀斯特地区Landsat 5卫星TM影像信息源,利用RS(Remote Sensing)技术提取反映生态本底状况的植被覆盖、土壤侵蚀、土地利用类型评价指标信息,并以地学信息及其他统计资料作为辅助,应用GIS软件提取地形坡度、水环境评价指标信息。综合以上指标信息,采用GIS分析技术,对喀斯特地区生态本底进行综合评价与分析。喀斯特地区生态本底状况可以划分为优、良、中、差、极差5个等级。基于总体分布和评价结果,找出对环境影响相对较小的路线走廊,利用公路CAD软件设计可行的路线方案,对可行的路线方案进行比选,最终确定与环境协调性最好的路线。结果表明:该方法克服了传统选线方法过于依赖设计者经验和主观判断的局限性,减少了对喀斯特地区生态环境的破坏,使工程项目发挥整体效益,提高了路线设计方案的科学性。Karst area Landsat5 satellite TM images were used as information source, RS technolo- gy was used to extract vegetation coverage, soil erosion and land use type for the evaluation of ec- ological background condition, and the ArcGIS software was utilized to extract indices of terrain slope and water environment. Based on the indicators above, with GIS analysis techniques, com- prehensive evaluation and analysis of the ecological background of the Karst areas were conduc- ted. Karst ecological background conditions could be classified as excellent, good, fair, poor and very poor level. Based on the overall distribution and evaluation results, route corridors with rel- atively small impact on the environment, were identified the highway CAD software was used to design some feasible routes, and possible route options were compared to ultimately determine the best route with environmental coordination. The results show that the method overcomes the limiations of the traditional route selection method which is too dependent on designers experience and subjective judgment, and also improves the scientificity of design planning. 9 tabs, 14 figs, 12 refs.

关 键 词：道路工程 喀斯特地区 生态本底 RS GIS 生态选线 

分 类 号：U412.243[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]