基于多源空间数据的淮河流域洪涝灾害监测评估  

Flood Monitoring and Assessment Based on Multi-source Spatial Data for Huaihe River Basin

作　　者：钱名开[1] 郑伟[2] 彭顺风[1] 李凤生[1] 

机构地区：[1]淮河水利委员会水文局(信息中心),安徽蚌埠233001 [2]国家卫星气象中心,北京100081

出　　处：《水文》2013年第2期19-24,共6页Journal of China Hydrology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40901231)

摘　　要：提出了综合利用被动微波卫星、中等空间分辨率光学卫星、高空间分辨率光学卫星和雷达卫星等遥感数据,地理数据,以及水文和气象等多源空间数据的洪涝灾害监测评估方法。并以2007年淮河流域洪涝灾害监测为例,快速获取了全流域洪涝灾害的时空变化特征信息,以及淮河干流区域的最大淹没面积及淹没历时数据,实现了重点区域灾情的精细监测和量化评估。结果表明,该方法充分利用多源空间数据,保证下垫面洪涝灾情信息的及时获取,克服了传统调查统计方法的不足,在2007年淮河流域防洪减灾服务中发挥了重要作用。In order to integrate the advantages of remote-sensing data, fundamental geographic data, hydrological data, meteorologi- cal＂ data and etc. systematically to acquire real-time flood information, a flood monitoring and assessing method based on multi- source spatial data was presented. The flood event of the Huaihe River Basin in the summer of 2007 was chosen as the study case. For large-scale flood monitoring and warning, the water and wetness fraction） method based on passive microwave remote sensing data ASMR-E, hydrological and meteorological data were presented to reveal soil wetness and flood patterns of the Huaihe River Basin. For moderate-scale food monitoring of the Huaihe River Basin mainstream, the middle spatial resolution data MODIS was used to map maximum flood extent and flood duration; For detailed flood monitoring of pilot area, the radar data, RADARSAT and optical data, SPOT5 with higher spatial resolution were used to estimate the losses. The results show that comprehensive and effective use of multi-source spatial data could present reliable early flood warning, real-time monitoring of flood, and rapid and accurate assessment of flood losses.

关 键 词：淮河 洪涝监测 洪灾评估 

分 类 号：P333.2[天文地球—水文科学]