矮化羊草形态可塑性及生物量分配模式研究  

Morphological Plasticity and the Biomass Allocation Models of Miniaturized Leymus chinensis

作　　者：钟梦莹[1] 樊青丽[1] 张亚军[1] 武瑞鑫[1,2] 阚雨晨[2] 王建勋[1] 邵新庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100193 [2]甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草地学报》2013年第2期260-264,共5页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目(2008BAD95B03);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903060)(201003061);国家牧草产业体系项目(CARS-35)资助

摘　　要：长期过度放牧干扰会导致典型草原羊草(Leymus chinensis)矮化现象,矮化羊草在形态构件和生物量分配模式方面都形成了适应放牧干扰的机制,本文通过实验室盆栽试验,比较了正常羊草和矮化羊草在构件和生物量分配模式上的差异。结果表明:矮化羊草植株的平均高度比正常羊草降低了2.5%,叶长、根长、根节长分别下降3.1%,8.3%和3.8%;叶宽显著低于正常羊草,降低了8.7%(P<0.05),而矮化羊草的萌蘖点则显著高于正常羊草,增加了21.9%(P<0.05);矮化羊草单株生物量降低10.2%,茎叶比降低11.4%,地上/地下生物量比值降低2.2%。由此可知,矮化羊草以增加分蘖数、加大地下根部物质和能量的投入等来应对不利气候变化和家畜采食及践踏。Severe and prolonged grazing lead to Leymus chinensis miniaturized in typical grassland.Miniaturized L.chinensis is formed to adapt to grazing interference mechanism in the form element and biomass allocation mode.The different components and biomass allocation modes of both normal and miniaturized L.chinensis are compared in this paper through laboratory pot experiment.Results show that the average height of miniaturized L.chinensis is 2.5% lower than that of normal.Leaf length,root and root joint length fall by 3.1%,8.3% and 3.8% compared with normal.Blade width reduced by 8.7% is significantly lower than normal.Miniaturized L.chinensis meristem increased by 21.9% is significantly higher than that of normal.The individual biomass,stem/leaf and ground/underground biomass ratio of miniaturized L.chinensis reduced by 10.2%,11.4% and 2.2%,respectively.Thus miniaturized L.chinensis has increased tiller number,underground root input in matter and energy in order to deal with the unfavorable climate change,livestock feeding and trampling.

关 键 词：羊草 矮化 形态可塑性 生物量分配 

分 类 号：Q346[生物学—遗传学]