4种缓控释氮肥在不同环境条件下的养分释放特性的研究  

Nutrient Release Characteristics of Four Slow and Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer in Different Environmental Conditions

作　　者：王晓巍[1,2] 蒯佳林[2] 刘晓静[3] 叶芳[3] 张进霞[3] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业科学院,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃农业大学草业学院草业生态系统教育部重点实验室中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草地学报》2013年第2期332-337,共6页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：农业部行业专项"西北地区非耕地园艺作物生产关键技术研究与示范"(201203095);甘肃省自然基金项目"甘肃省秦王川灌区苜蓿草地施肥制度及其对环境的影响研究"(1010RJZA157);草业生态系统教育部重点实验室(甘肃农业大学)项目"供氮水平及氮素形态对紫花苜蓿养分吸收及根瘤特性的影响研究"(CYZS-2011012)资助

摘　　要：为探明4种缓控释肥料(IBDU,UF,SCU和ESN)在静水中、不同栽培介质(普通土壤、栽培基质)中、不同栽培植物(草地早熟禾(Poa pratensis L.)和甜瓜(Cucumis melo L.))中的养分释放特性,采用水浸法、土壤(基质)培养法、盆栽试验测定了4种肥料的氮素溶出曲线。结果表明:4种肥料在25℃静水下28d时的氮素累积溶出率均不超过75%,84d时的氮素累积溶出率为ESN>SCU>IBDU>UF;SCU和ESN在静水的氮素溶出曲线与土壤(基质)培养下的基本吻合,UF和IBDU则差异较大;4种肥料在基质中的氮素溶出曲线整体上小于土壤培养;草地早熟禾盆栽培养下4种肥料的氮素溶出曲线整体上大于甜瓜盆栽培养。Water immersion,soil（substrate） cultivation and pot culture were used to study the N accumulative dissolution curves of four slow and controlled release fertilizers in different environmental conditions.The objectives were to explore the nutrient release characteristics of four fertilizer（IBDU,UF,SCU and ESN） in water,in different culture media（soil,substrate）,and in selected plants（Kentucky bluegrass,melon）.Results showed that the nitrogen accumulative dissolution rate of all tested fertilizers in static water at 25℃were less than 75% after 28th day.The accumulative dissolution rate on 84th day were ordered as ESNSCUIBDUUF.Nitrogen dissolution curves of SCU and ESN in static water showed a similar tendency to those grown in soil（substrate）,whereas the nitrogen dissolution curves of UF and IBDU had significant difference between the two conditions.The nitrogen cumulative dissolution rates of all tested fertilizers in substrates were less than in soil,and in pot culture of lawn grass showed higher tendency than in that of melon.

关 键 词：缓控释氮肥 草地早熟禾 甜瓜 养分释放 

分 类 号：S144.6[农业科学—肥料学]