庐山地区大气气溶胶单颗粒研究  

Individual aerosol particles in Mountain Lu areas

作　　者：芦亚玲[1] 常加敏[2] 赵立宁[2] 朱超[2] 刘磊[2] 刘澎[2] 孙瑞莲[1] 李卫军[1] 王韬[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学环境研究院,济南250100 [2]山东大学环境科学与工程学院,济南250100 [3]香港理工大学土木与结构工程系

出　　处：《中国科技论文》2013年第3期255-259,共5页China Sciencepaper

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41105088);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助项目(2011CB403401);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(20110131120073;20100131120078)

摘　　要：于2011年8月—9月期间以庐山山顶作为高山采样点对大气颗粒物进行采样,采用透射电镜及能谱分析方法获得单颗粒的形貌和化学组分特征。研究结果表明,庐山地区单颗粒主要为富硫、金属、矿物、飞灰、烟尘和有机颗粒等6种类型,其中富硫颗粒和金属颗粒占绝对主导,两者占总数量的80%以上。单颗粒的能谱结果显示细小的金属和飞灰颗粒包含的金属元素主要为Mn、Fe、Pb、Zn以及少量的Cr、Co、As、Cd等,表明这些颗粒主要来自于重工业排放如有色金属冶炼等。同时借助单颗粒图像分析技术获得了不同类型颗粒物的粒径分布特征,富硫和金属颗粒的粒径主要在0.05～2μm,均表现为单峰分布,峰值分别处在0.6～0.7μm和0.3～0.4μm之间。高空中发现的与工业源相关的金属、飞灰和烟尘等细颗粒完全内混于二次形成的富硫颗粒,这种内混的颗粒能够贡献到高空的云凝结核中。一旦成为云凝结核,这些细小颗粒很可能会加快二次硫酸盐的形成,进而加重酸雨(云)对本地区人体健康和植物生态系统的危害。Aerosol particles were collected at Mountain Lu areas in southern China from August to September 2011. Morphology and composition of individual aerosol particles were measured by transmission electron microscopy （TEM） coupled with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer （EDS）. Six aerosol types inculding sulfate, metal, mineral, fly ash, soot and organic particles were indentified, among which sulfate and metal particles are dominant （〉 80%） in particle number. The main compositions of metal and fly ash are Mn, Fe, Pb, Zn with minor Cr, Co, As, Cd. The result indicated that the metal particles were mainly orig- inated from heavy industries, for example, non-ferrous metal smelting. Size distributions of aerosol particles were also measured through individual particle image analysis system method. The size distributions of sulfate and metal particles show unimodal in the 0. 05--2 tan size range, with the peaks at 0. 6--0. 7 μn and 0. 3 0. 4 μm, respectively. These fine metal, fly ash and soot particles are completely internally mixed with sulfates. The internally mixed particles can significantly contribute to the CAEN in the high-altitude atmospher. Therefore, it is possible that the widespread metal particles with small sizes would possibly enhance the formation of sulfates, which aggravates the influence of acid rain （cloud） to human health and ecology system in southern China

关 键 词：庐山 单颗粒分析 透射电镜(TEM) 形貌特征 重金属颗粒 

分 类 号：P402[天文地球—大气物理学与大气环境] X513[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]