喉罩与气管导管在老年牙齿异常患者全身麻醉中的效果观察  

Observation on effects of laryngeal mask and tracheal tube in general anesthesia of elderly patients with dental disorders

作　　者：袁振武[1] 杨昌明[1] 周玉[1] 黄杨[1] 余奇劲[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省荆门市第一人民医院麻醉科,湖北荆门448000 [2]武汉大学人民医院,湖北武汉430060

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2013年第12期89-90,105,共3页China Medical Herald

摘　　要：目的比较喉罩与气管导管在老年牙齿异常患者全身麻醉中的运用效果。方法将92例老年牙齿异常患者分为喉罩组(49例)和气管导管组(43例),监测围术期生命体征的变化,比较喉罩置入和气管导管插管时间、围术期牙齿损伤情况及术毕2 h患者咽喉部舒适情况。结果与气管插管前相比,气管导管组患者插入气管导管后和拔除气管导管前血压、心率均显著上升(P<0.05或P<0.01);喉罩组患者置入喉罩所用时间明显短于气管导管组患者插入气管导管的时间(P<0.01);气管导管组牙齿损伤者和术后咽喉部不适者均明显多于喉罩组(P<0.01)。结论在老年牙齿异常患者全身麻醉时,严格掌握运用喉罩的适应证,与气管插管相比,其优点凸显。Objective To compare the application effects of laryngeal mask and tracheal tube in the general anesthesia of elderly patients with dental disorders. Methods 92 elderly patients with dental disorders were divided into the laryngeal mask group （49 patients） and the tracheal tube group （43 patients）. The changes of perioperative vital signs were monitored and the laryngeal mask insertion and tracheal tube intubation time, perioperative dental damage and postoperative 2-hour pharyngeal and laryngeal comfort were compared. Results Compared to before tracheal intuba- tion, the blood pressure and heart rates of the tracheal tube group increased significantly after tracheal intubation and before tracheal extubation （1 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）; the laryngeal mask insertion time of the laryngeal mask group was significantly shorter than the tracheal intubation time of the tracheal tube group （/9 〈 0.01）; the number of patients having dental damage and postoperative discomfort was significantly larger in the laryngeal mask group than those in the tracheal tube group （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion In the general anesthesia of elderly patients with dental disorders, in-dications of the laryngeal mask should be mastered strictly. Compared to tracheal intubation, laryngeal mask has prominent advantages.

关 键 词：喉罩 气管导管 全身麻醉 老年 牙齿 

分 类 号：R614.2[医药卫生—麻醉学]