养殖条件下施氏鲟(♂)×达氏鳇(♀)杂交后代的生长特性  

The Growth Characteristics of Acipenser schrenckii(♂)×Huso dauricus(♀)Hybrid under Artificial Farming Conditions

作　　者：张颖[1] 刘晓勇[2] 曲秋芝[1] 孙大江[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150070 [2]中国水产科学研究院,北京100141

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2013年第2期1-8,共8页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：农业部公益性行业科研专项(201003055);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(201101);国家重大科技转化项目(ZD-2012-345-1)

摘　　要：2008年～2011年研究了人工养殖条件下的施氏鲟Acipenser schrenckii(♂)×达氏鳇Huso dauricus(♀)杂交后代(俗称大杂交)的生长特性。结果表明:1～7龄大杂交体长、体重相对增长率及生长指标随年龄的增长而逐渐下降,呈"异速生长-等速生长-异速生长"的变化趋势。不同年龄大杂交的体长与体重均呈幂指数关系,R2值变幅为0.95～0.99。其中,1～3龄大杂交a值>3,呈强异速生长。此后随年龄的增加,异速生长减弱,发育趋向均匀。5龄时a值为2.94接近3,7龄a值为2.63<3。大杂交肥满度随年龄增加而增大,其与体重的相关性(R2=0.94)高于与体长的相关性。采用7种生长方程对不同年龄大杂交的体长生长和体重生长进行拟合,其中Gompertz、Quadratic、VBGF和Cubic 4种生长方程式对大杂交体长生长的拟合效果较好,除Cubic生长方程外,其它6种生长方程对其体重生长的拟合度均较低。7种生长模型中,均以Cubic生长方程对大杂交的体长生长和体重生长的拟合R2值最大,RSS值最小,说明Cubic生长方程对不同年龄大杂交的生长具有最好的拟合效果,拐点体重、体长和年龄分别为28.53kg、82.11cm和4.22龄。The body weight and body length were successively measured in hybrids Acipenser schrenckii （ ♂ ）× Huso dauricus （ ♀） at age from 1 year to 7 years from 2008 to 2010 in order to understand the growth characteristics of the hybrids under artificial conditions. The results showed that the hybrid had declined growth in body length and body weight, and in growth indexes with age. The relation- ship between the body length and body weight was expressed as w=1 × 10-6L3.27, R2=-0.99. The power was found to be changed with age from 2.63 to 3.93, higher than 3 at age from 1 year to 3 years, showing a strong growth rate. The growth rate was found to be low grad- ually with increased age, the power being close to 3 at age of 5 years, and less than 3 at age of 7 years. The condition factors were found to be increased with age in the hybrids, with more correlated with body weight than correlated with body length. The good corre- lation between body weight and condition factors was observed by Liner, Power and Quadratic regression methods with the R2 value of 0.94, and the fittest one being the Power function among the seven growth models including VBGF （yon Bertalanffy function）, LGF （Logistic function）, GGF （Gompertz function）, Logarithmic function, Inverse function, Quadratic function and Cubic function used as the candidates for firing the growth model of different age hybrid under yearling to establish the optimum growth equation of body length. Based on the R and RSS criterion, the Gompertz, Quadratic, VBGF and Cubic had the similar fitness, while the Logarithmic and Inverse had the similar fitness, and the effect was better than Logarithmic and Inverse. The Cubic function was the best one to ex- press the growth of at age from 1 year to 7 years in the hybrids.

关 键 词：施氏鲟(♂)×达氏鳇(♀)杂交后代 人工养殖 生长特性 

分 类 号：S965.215[农业科学—水产养殖]