钝叶榕三种进果榕小蜂雌性触角的结构、感器及其适生意义  

Antennal structure, sensilla and their ecological implication of three internally ovipositing female parasites in Ficus curtipes

作　　者：李宗波[1] 杨培[2] 杨大荣[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学林学院/云南省森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室,昆明650224 [2]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园,昆明650223

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2013年第2期217-225,共9页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31100279;30970403);西南林业大学科研启动项目(111122);云南省重点学科森林保护学项目(XKZ200905)

摘　　要：应用扫描电镜观察了钝叶榕三种进果榕小蜂—钝叶榕传粉榕小蜂Eupristina sp.、杨氏金小蜂Diaziella yangi和Lipothymus sp.的触角,对这三种小蜂的触角结构,感器类型、数量和分布特征进行了描述,并对三者触角及感器之间的差异性进行了比较,探讨其适生意义。结果发现,三种榕小蜂触角均为膝形,由柄节、梗节和鞭节组成,但钝叶榕传粉榕小蜂索节第1亚节衍生出一脊骨突。触角上共着生9种类型的感器:毛形感器I型和Ⅱ型、刺形感器、长形和圆形板形感器、栓锥形乳突形感器、锥形感器I型和Ⅱ型、角锥形感器,圆形板形感器和角锥形感器仅分布于钝叶榕传粉榕小蜂上。Lipothymus sp.感器的数量显著多于钝叶榕传粉榕小蜂和杨氏金小蜂,但三种榕小蜂触角上的化学感器的形态、数量和分布模式间没有明显不同,表明非传粉榕小蜂杨氏金小蜂和Lipothymus sp.化学信息感知方面已趋同于钝叶榕传粉榕小蜂。研究结果将有助于理解钝叶榕三种进果榕小蜂的特异性行为和寄主选择机制。The antennal structure and sensilla of three internally ovipositing female parasites, Eupristina sp. , DiazieUa yangi and Lipothymus sp. , were observed by scanning electron microscope. The types, numbers, morphology and distribution pateerns of antennal sensilla of three species were described, and the differences among three species were also compared. Futhermore, the ecological implication were discuss on the basis of obligate life story of three wasps. The results showed that antenna of three wasps are geniculate in shape, and consist of scape, pedicel and flagellum. However, spine - like expansion on the first subsegment of funicle were only founded in Eupristina sp. , one specific pollinator for F. curtipes. There were nine types of sensilla, including sensilla trichodea type I and II, chaetica sensilla, elongated and rounded placoid sensilla, basiconic capitate peg sensilla, basiconic sensilla type I and II , and sensillum obscurum, on the antenna of three wasps. Particularly, rounded placoid sensilla and sensillum obscurum only ocurred on the antenna of Eupristina sp.. The numbers of total sensilla on the antenna of Lipothymus sp. were more significant than Eupristina sp. and D. yangi. However, the type, number and distribution patterns of chemoreceptors among the three wasps were similar. Therefore, we could draw a conclusion on the convergent evolution of sensilla of Agaonidae and two internal oviposition, D. yangi and Lipothymus sp. , in response of host fig volatiles. These results are helpful to reveal the specific behavior and host selection of three wasps.

关 键 词：钝叶榕 传粉榕小蜂 非传粉榕小蜂 触角 脊骨突 感器 

分 类 号：Q964[生物学—昆虫学] Q968.1