论体育竞技正义的特征——与分配正义的一个比较  

Characteristics of Justice Sports Competitions——a comparison with distribution justice

作　　者：钟晖[1] 颜青山[2] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学体育与健康学院,上海200241 [2]华东师范大学哲学系,上海200241

出　　处：《成都体育学院学报》2013年第4期14-18,共5页Journal of Chengdu Sport University

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目"价值道义论:在理由与行动之间"(09BZX057);教育部人文社会科学规范一般项目"分析现象学:基于问题的哲史研究"(08JA720009)

摘　　要：体育竞技系统作为一个社会性系统,它的正义问题亦被视为一种社会性正义。由此我们便可以很自然地运用罗尔斯的社会分配的正义理论来分析有关体育竞技中的正义过程。罗尔斯在《正义论》中阐明了两个正义原则-平等的自由原则和差别原则以及执行差别原则的"最大最小化"规则。它们的一个辅助假设就是对风险的极度厌恶。不同于社会分配系统,体育竞技系统是一个典型的游戏或博弈系统,它是喜好风险的系统。体育竞技系统必然要强调竞争性卓越即:追求和实现卓越是体育竞技正义的首要目标。这种正义观在差别原则上的体现就是"最大最大化"规则,而其服务的原则是"卓越原则"。随着对"最大最大化"规则和"卓越原则"的进一步分析,本文揭示出体育竞技正义是一种技术性的正义、其程度是可以量化的。基于以上论述,试图阐明罗尔斯的正义论只能作为一般性的社会系统的正义原则,它不适用于特殊的社会系统(如体育经济博弈系统)。Sports competition system is a social system, so its justice is also considered as a social justice. The pa- per quotes Rawls＇ s social distributive justice theory to analyze the justice process in sports competitions. Rawls＇ s theo- ry illustrates two justice principles - freedom of equality principle and difference principle. Sports competition system is different from social distribution system. It is a typical game or the game system with the preferences to risks. Sports competition system must emphasize competitive excellence with pursuing and achieving excellence as the primary goal of sports justice. The embodiment of this kind of justice in the differences principle is the “ maximized”rules with the its service principle as “excellence”. This paper reveals that sport is a kind of technical justice with quantifiable features. Based on the above, this paper attempts to clarify that Rawlsg theory of justice can only serve as the general justice prin- ciple of social system, and does not apply to special social svstem.

关 键 词：体育竞技系统正义 罗尔斯 分配正义 体育竞技规则 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]