夏玉米田害虫的群落结构  

Community structure of pest in summer maize field

作　　者：秦雪峰[1] 杜开书[1] 徐艳聆 

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院资源与环境学院,河南新乡453003 [2]营口市农业科学研究所,辽宁营口115214

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2013年第2期294-298,共5页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南科技学院重点资助项目(2011009)

摘　　要：为了解夏玉米田害虫的种类和数量动态,本文运用群落生态学原理与方法,于2011年6月20日至9月15日系统调查了焦作市沁阳地区夏玉米田主要害虫的种类和数量,并利用物种丰富度、优势集中性指数、相似性指数、相异性指数和优势度指数分析了其群落结构特征和发生动态。结果表明:焦作市沁阳地区夏玉米田中害虫物种数较为丰富,由6目9科17种组成;幼苗期物种数最高;大喇叭口期优势集中性指数最高(0.477 3);灌浆期与成熟前期的昆虫群落最为相似,相似性指数为0.909 0,其次是大喇叭口期与小喇叭口期,相似性指数为0.900 0;苗期以粘虫的优势度指数最高,大喇叭口期以棉铃虫和玉米螟的优势度指数较高,灌浆至成熟期以玉米蚜、桃蛀螟、棉铃虫和玉米螟的优势度指数较高,表明夏玉米田的主要优势种为粘虫、玉米螟、玉米蚜、棉铃虫和桃蛀螟。To find out the types and quantities dynamics of pests in summer maize field, the characteristics of community structure of major pests were investigated from June 20 to September 15 in 2011 in Qinyang, Henan province, by analyzing relative richness, dominant concentration index, similarity index, dissimilarity index and dominance index. The results showed a rich constitution of pest communities in summer maize field, and about 17 species belonging to 9 families and 6 orders, were observed. The richness of pests in seedling stage was the highest. The dominant concentration index reached summit in the flare opening stage. The pest communitys at grouting period and early maturity were the most similar, with the similarity index of 0.909 0, followed by big bell mouth period and small bell mouth period, with the similarity in- dex both of 0.900 0. The dominance index of Mythimna separate was the highest in seedling stage, the dominance indexes of Helicoverpa arrnigera and Ostrinia furnacalis in big bell mouth period were superior, and the dominance indexes of Di- chocrocis punctiferalis, Rhopalosiphum rnaidis, Helicoverpa armigera and Ostrinia furnacalis in grouting to maturity were higher. These results indicated that Mythimna separate, Ostrinia furnacalis, Dichocrocis punctiferalis, Helicoverpa armigera and Rhopalosiphum maidis were the dominant species in summer maize field.

关 键 词：夏玉米田 害虫群落 群落结构 

分 类 号：S634.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]