三种护理方法对经口气管插管患者口腔护理效果的对比研究  

Comparative study on efficacy of the three methods of nursing for oral cavities of patients with orotracheal intubation

作　　者：刘春香[1] 祝立阳[1] 黎冬梅[1] 莫伟梅[1] 林琦[1] 韦涌初[1] 熊靖[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学第三附属医院,广西南宁530031

出　　处：《护士进修杂志》2013年第8期677-679,共3页Journal of Nurses Training

基　　金：广西省南宁市科学研究与技术开发计划项目(编号:ZC200809C)

摘　　要：目的探讨经口气管插管患者最佳的口腔护理方法。方法将2008年3月～2011年5月在我院心胸外科住院、符合入组条件的90例患者随机分为A、B、C三组,每组各30例。A组患者口腔用3%过氧化氢溶液棉球擦洗加生理盐水冲洗;B组用生理盐水冲洗;C组用生理盐水棉球擦洗。均每日2次。观察三组患者口咽部细菌数、口腔pH值和清洁度及口腔炎的发生率,以比较三种口腔护理方法的效果。结果三种方法护理口腔后,三组口咽部细菌数均减少,以A组细菌数较B组、C组减少最明显;口垢及口腔炎的发生率虽无差异,但口臭的发生率有明显差异(P<0.05),且以A组最低。三组患者均无导管移位、脱落及误吸事件发生。结论用3%过氧化氢溶液棉球擦洗加生理盐水冲洗患者口腔的方法能更有效地清除口腔中的污物和减少口咽部细菌的黏附和生长,从而能更有效地预防经口气插管患者感染性并发症的发生。Objective To study the most effective method for oral care for patients with orotracheal intubation. Method 90 patients with orotracheal intubation and hospitalized in department of cardiac and chest surgery form March 2008 to May 2011 were randomly divided into group A,group B and group C,30 patients in each group. The patients＂ oral cavities in group A were washed with cotton balls soaked by 3 % hydrogen peroxide solution and rinsed with normal saline ~ Patients in group B were rinsed with normal salineand patients in group C were washed with cotton balls soaked by normal saline. The oral care was conducted twice daily. The bacterial number in pharyngo oral cavities,the pH values and clean degree of oral cavities and the incidence of stomatitis were observed and compared among the three methods. Result After oral care with the three methods, The bacterial number in all the three groups decreased. The decrease in the bacterial number in group A was more significant than that of in group B and that in group C. There was no significant difference in incidence of oral filth and stomatitis,there was significant difference in incidence of halitosis （P〈0.05）. The incidence of halitosis in group A was lowest. The endotracheal tubes shift, fall off or mistake suction was not found among the three groups. Conclusion Patients＂ oral cavities washing with cotton balls soaked by 3 % hydrogen peroxide solution and rinsing with normal saline can more effectively clear away the oral filth and decrease the bacterial adhesion and growth in the pharyngo-oral cavities . This method can more effectively prevent the infectious complication for patients with orotracheal intubation. It＇s the best and effective methods out of the three reported method.

关 键 词：经口气管插管 口腔护理方法 3%过氧化氢溶液 口咽部细菌数 

分 类 号：R473.78[医药卫生—护理学]