健康教育对支气管哮喘患者病情控制水平影响的研究  

Research in influence of health education on asthma control level in adult patients with asthma

作　　者：何良爱[1] 何良燕[1] 何良辉[1] 赵玲玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]250012济南,山东大学齐鲁医院

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2013年第11期9-13,共5页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

摘　　要：目的本研究通过对哮喘患者进行一般人口学资料及哮喘临床特征的调查、哮喘控制测试（AcT）评分以及肺功能检查，探讨对哮喘患者实施健康教育干预后对哮喘控制水平的影响。方法选择126例哮喘患者，随机将患者分为健康教育干预组及对照组，随访3个月。在健康教育干预前后，分别对所有患者进行一般人口学资料、哮喘临床特征、哮喘认知水平、用药依从性、ACT评分及肺功能检查，并对上述参数进行干预前后的比较及进行2组间比较。结果在本研究中失访10例，最后完成实验116例，其中健康教育干预组68例，对照组48例。研究结果显示，健康教育干预6个月后，干预组患者的急性发作次数、ACT评分、肺功能各项指标及哮喘控制情况的评分均显著改善；而对照组自身前后对比，上述各项研究内容均无显著改善。干预后干预组的上述指标均显著优于对照组，差异有统计学意义。结论通过对哮喘患者进行规范化的健康教育，能够使其生活质量得到显著改善，改善患者的症状，减少急性发作的次数，使哮喘的控制得到维持，使哮喘患者的肺功能状态得到提高，进而使更多患者达到正常人或是接近正常人的生活。Objective The aim of this study was to explore the effects of health education intervention on asthma control level for asthma patients through the survey of general demographic information, asthma clinical characteristics of patients with asthma, the Asthma Control Test （ACT）, and pulmonary function examination. Methods 126 asthma patients were selected from the clinic and randomly divided into the health education group and the control group. All the patients were followed up for 3 months. In our study, we would scored them in terms of demographic data, clinical features of asthma, asthma cognitive level, medication compliance and Asthma Control Test （ACT） and pulmonary function examination before and after the health education for all patients respectively, and compared the data of the above parameters obtained before and after the intervention and the data from the health education intervention group and the control group. Results In our study, 10 cases were lost to follow-up, and 116 cases completed the study at last. There were 68 patients in the health education intervention group and 48 patients in the control group. The results showed that patients with acute attack times, ACT score, pulmonary function indicators and asthma control situations of the health education intervention group after 6 months＂ health education, were significantly improved, and the difference was statistically significant. Otherwise, comparison of the contents above of the control group before and after intervention, it was not statistically significant. Mean- while, corn-pared with the control group, the contents above of the health education intervention group were improved with statistically significant differences. Conclusions The standardized health edueation can improve the quality of life significantly, decrease the asthmatic symptoms, reduce the times of acute onset, which results in maintenance of asthma control, meanwhile the pulmonary function of patients with asthma will improve, so that more patients can live

关 键 词：支气管哮喘 ACT评分 健康教育 

分 类 号：R562.25[医药卫生—呼吸系统]