水箱培养下6种乔灌木扦插初期的生长适应性  

Adaptability of Six Trees and Shrubs Trained in Water Tanks at the Initial Cutting Growth Stage

作　　者：钱斌天[1] 高甲荣[1] 王越[1] 顾岚[1] 高宇婷[1] 陈琼[1] 

机构地区：[1]教育部水土保持和荒漠化防治重点实验室(北京林业大学),北京100083

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2013年第4期5-9,共5页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国际科技合作项目(2009DFA32490)

摘　　要：为了解北京地区6种常见乔灌木在扦插初期对水环境的适应性及生长初期根系的空间分布,以便于筛选适用于河流生态修复的土壤生物工程植物材料。采用水箱培养的方式,研究了加拿大杨(Populus canadensisMoench)、紫穗槐(Amorpha fruticosa L.)、金丝柳(Salix alba var.Tristis)、榆树(Ulmus pumila L.)、旱柳(Salix metsu-dana)和桑树(Morus alba L.)6种常见乔灌木在扦插初期的生长情况和根系空间分布。试验开始后,最初半个月每隔5 d观测了各个植物材料的发芽情况和生根情况,之后每隔15 d调查了各个植株的成活率和生长状况。试验进行到75 d时从水箱中取出所有插条,分别测量了每株插条的枝条生物量、根系生物量和根系的空间分布。6种植物材料在扦插初期对水淹的适应性表现为:金丝柳=旱柳>紫穗槐>桑树>加拿大杨>榆树。生长3个月后,金丝柳的根系分布均匀且深,呈明显的垂直分布趋势,主要集中在以插条为中心的0～30 cm内;紫穗槐的根系分布较均匀,呈明显的水平分布趋势,主要集中在以插条为中心的0～20 cm内;旱柳的根系分布浅且密集,主要集中在以插条为中心的0～10 cm内。试验表明:金丝柳、旱柳和紫穗槐在扦插初期对水淹具有良好的适应性,是适合应用于北京地区河流生态修复土壤生物工程中的植物材料。Six kinds of trees and shrubs were conducted to investigate the adaptability of water environment and spatial distribution of root in early plant cutting period to select the plant material of soil bioengineering for river ecological restoration in Beijing. Six common trees and shrubs including Populus canadensis Moench, Amorphafruticosa L. , Salix alba var. riffs_ tis, Ulmus pumila L. , Salix metsudana and Morus alba L. were cultured in water tanks. During the first half month, the germination and rooting of the plants were observed every day. Then, the survival rate and growth situation were investigated every 15 days. 75 days later, all cuttings were taken out to measure for branch biomass, root biomass and spatial dis- tribution. The results of initial cutting growth stage showed that the adaptability to waterflooding of six species is ranked： S. alba var. Tristis = S. metsudana 〉 A. fruticosa L. 〉 M. alba L. 〉 P. canadensis Moench 〉 U. pumila L. Three months later, S. alba var. Tristis has well and deep distributed roots with vertical distribution, centralizing at the center of cutting range ofO-30 cm. The roots of A. fruticosa L. distribute well with horizontal distribution, centralizing at the center of 0-20 cm. The root distribution of S. metsudana is shallow and dense, centralizing at the center of O- 10 cm. S. alba var. Tristis, S. metsudana and A. fruticosa L. have a good adaptability to watefflooding. Therefore, they are the suitable plant materials for soil bioengineering of river ecosystem restoration in Beijing.

关 键 词：水箱 土壤生物工程 生长初期 水箱培养 根系分布 

分 类 号：S714.7[农业科学—林学]