高层建筑正压送风条件下楼梯间内压力分布规律的实验研究  

Experimental Study on Pressure Distribution in Stairwells with Mechanical Air Supply in High-rise Buildings

作　　者：陈颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民武装警察部队学院消防工程系,河北廊坊065000

出　　处：《建筑科学》2013年第4期45-48,64,共5页Building Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"多驱动力作用下超高层建筑疏散走廊火灾烟气输运规律研究"(51278493)

摘　　要：建筑物疏散楼梯间内最常采用的防烟方法是机械加压送风。为了有效防止烟气侵入,楼梯间的正压必须维持在一定的范围之内,因此对机械加压送风条件下楼梯间内压力分布规律的研究尤为重要。本文采用大尺寸实验的方法,研究了不同送风量、不同开门工况下高层建筑楼梯间内的压力分布规律。研究发现,当所有楼层楼梯间和前室的门全部关闭时,各楼层压力呈现不均匀分布现象,距风机最近端楼层压力最低,而距风机最远端楼层压力最高;当楼梯间内出现开门楼层时,开门瞬间压力迅速衰减,直至接近为零。Mechanical air supply is commonly used in stairwells to protect escape paths in high-rise building fires. In stairwells, positive pressure within a reasonable range must be maintained in order to avoid smoke spread. Therefore,it is significant to investigate the pressure distribution characteristics. In this paper, a study using the large size experimental method was carried out, the pressure distribution in stairwells was analyzed under different air supply volume rates and different door opening conditions. The results indicated that when all the doors of the stairwells were closed, the pressure distribution of each floor was not uniform, the pressure of the floor which was close to the fan was low and that of the floor which was far from the fan was relatively larger. Furthermore, when the doors of some floors were open,the pressure in that stairwell fell to zero quickly.

关 键 词：消防工程 高层建筑 楼梯间 压力分布 机械防烟 

分 类 号：TU976.9[建筑科学]