复合菌剂和NaOH预处理提高秸秆厌氧消化性能  

Pretreatment with composite microbe and NaOH to improve anaerobic performance of corn straw

作　　者：陈羚[1] 罗娟[1] 董保成[1] 宋成军[1] 万小春[1] 齐岳[1] 赵立欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部规划设计研究院,农业部农业废弃物能源化利用重点实验室,北京100125

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2013年第7期185-190,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：科技部国际科技合作计划项目(2010DFB64040)

摘　　要：为提高纤维素类原料厌氧消化性能,降低处理成本,该研究采用复合菌剂和2%、4%、6%、8%NaOH(以玉米秸秆干物质质量计)对以玉米秸秆为代表的纤维素类发酵原料进行预处理,研究不同预处理方式对纤维素等成分的含量、厌氧消化性能和生产成本的影响。试验结果表明,经复合菌剂和NaOH处理后,秸秆的木质素、纤维素和半纤维素总含量显著降低,产气量和产气效率提高,其中,添加6%NaOH的预处理方式效果最佳,复合菌剂次之,与未处理相比,单位干物质质量产气量从120.70mL/g分别提高到374.30和334.76mL/g,厌氧消化时间从大于30d缩短到18和19d。采用复合菌剂和2%、4%、6%、8%NaOH预处理生产沼气所需的可变成本分别为0.72、0.80、0.98、1.09和1.57元/m3。综合考虑产气效率和生产成本,复合菌剂预处理由于具有较低的处理成本、较高的产气效率和较短的消化时间更利于推广应用。Due to the existence of lignin in crop straws, the anaerobic digestion by only crop straw would be demonstrated as low in conversion and utilization efficiency. Lots of studies reported that the pretreatment of crop straws would destroy the combination of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin, and enhance the anaerobic performance. To improve anaerobic performance, in this study, corn straws were pretreated by composite microbes and NaOH to investigate their effects on straw components, anaerobic digestion performance and production costs. Corn straws were pretreated by the addition of composite microbes and NaOH with 2%、4%、6%、8%（calculated by dry weight of corn straws）, and retting for 3 days with a thermostat setting of （38±2℃）. Then the samples of the treated and untreated corn straws were withdrawn to determined cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignose contents in dry matter. Then corn straws were inoculated with sludge （40%of sludge and 60%of treated corn straw in dry matter）. Anaerobic digestion experiments were carried out in 30 days under temperature of 38±2℃, and the daily biogas yields were measured by the gas-collecting method of drainage water. A control with untreated corn straws was also done to compare the difference with treated ones. The experiments were set up in triplicate. The experiment results showed that corn straws’total contents of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignose were decreased. Compared with the control, the pretreatment method by 8%NaOH, 2%NaOH and 8%NaOH demonstrated better degradation effects for cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignose, and the maximum degradation rate were 33.5%, 38.7% and 23.1%, respectively. The reduction of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignose helped to improve the anaerobic digestion efficiencies. The anaerobic experiments revealed that the biogas yields and production efficiencies of corn straws after pretreatment were improved. Compared with the control, their biogas production for unit dry weight were elevated from 120.70 mL/g·TS to

关 键 词：厌氧消化 秸秆 成本 复合菌剂 NaOH 预处理 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程] X712[农业科学—农业工程]