水平隧道火灾临界风速的理论模型  

Theoretical model of critical wind velocity in horizontal tunnel fires

作　　者：徐志胜[1] 赵红莉[1] 李洪[1] 姜学鹏[1] 李冬[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第3期1138-1143,共6页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：铁道部科技研究开发计划项目(2006G007-A-1;2006G007-C-1)

摘　　要：从热物理学的角度,分析烟气不会发生逆流的临界条件,建立控制隧道火灾烟气蔓延的临界风速理论模型。并通过隧道列车火灾的缩尺寸模型试验和数值模拟计算对水平隧道火灾临界风速进行研究,确定理论模型中的待定系数。将理论预测值与Wu和Bakar模型的预测值进行对比研究。研究结果表明:由该模型计算得到的临界风速与试验测试值较吻合,验证了理论模型的可靠性;Wu和Bakar的模型对油池火灾临界风速的预测值偏低,本文所建立的理论模型不适合预测火源功率较高工况下的临界风速。From the view of thermal physics,the critical condition for forming a reverse stratified layer was analysed,and a critical wind velocity model was set up for controlling smoke spreading in railway tunnel fires.The critical wind velocity in horizontal tunnel fires was studied through reduced-scale model tests and numerical simulation,and the undetermined coefficient in the theoretical model was ascertained.The theoretical value of the critical ventilation velocity was compared with the predictions by Wu and Bakar.The results show that the critical wind velocities predicted by theoretical model are in a good agreement with the corresponding experimental results.Wu and Bakar’s model underestimates the critical wind velocity in tunnel with pool fire,and the proposed theoretical model is not appropriate for predicting the critical wind velocity in tunnel fires at high heat releasing rate.

关 键 词：隧道火灾 临界风速 理论模型 缩尺寸试验 数值模拟 

分 类 号：X928.03[环境科学与工程—安全科学] U459.2[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]