基于NBR指数分析大兴安岭呼中森林过火区的林火烈度  

Fire severity of burnt area in Huzhong forest region of Great Xing’an Mountains, Northeast China based on normalized burn ratio analysis

作　　者：王晓莉[1,2] 王文娟[1] 常禹[1] 冯玉婷[1,3] 陈宏伟[1] 胡远满[1] 池建国 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所森林与土壤生态国家重点实验室,沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]辽宁省环境科学研究院,沈阳110016 [4]内蒙古大兴安岭林业科学研究所,内蒙古牙克石022150

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2013年第4期967-974,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31070422;41201185;41271201);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05050201)资助

摘　　要：基于TM影像和3S技术手段,利用NBR指数对1986—2010年大兴安岭呼中林区森林过火区林火烈度进行了定量评价,分析了林火烈度与植被类型、海拔、坡度和坡向等环境因子的关系.结果表明:呼中林区的林火发生次数和面积年际变化明显,每年6—8月是林火的高发期,重度火烧区占总过火面积的84.2%.过火区中,兴安落叶松林占89.9%;海拔1000～1500m区域占68.8%;东、南、西、北4个坡向的过火面积占62.5%,阴、阳坡过火面积差异不明显;坡度15～25°的斜坡区域过火面积占38.4%.不同程度林火烈度的过火面积由大到小依次为重度火>中度火>轻度火>未过火,其中,重度火过火面积>70%,中度火过火面积在10%左右,轻度火和未过火的过火面积<5%.呼中林区林火烈度以重度火为主,对森林资源的破坏程度极大.在大兴安岭林区的林火管理中,应尽早开展森林可燃物处理工作,以降低林火烈度,保障森林生态系统的安全.Based on the TM images and 3S technology, and by using normalized burn ratio （ NBR）, this paper quantitatively evaluated the fire severity of burnt area in Huzhong forest region of the Great Xing＇ an Mountains from 1986 to 2010, and analyzed the relationships of the fire sever- ity with environmental factors such as vegetation type, elevation, slope, and aspect. In Huzhong forest region, the fire occurrence frequency and total burnt area had an obvious inter-annuM change. High incidence of forest fire was from June to August, and heavily burnt area occupied 84. 2% of the total burnt area. In the burnt area, larch forest accounted for 89.9%. 68.8% of burnt area located at the elevations from 1000 m to 1500 m, and 62.5% located in eastern, south- ern, western, and northern slopes. There was no obvious difference in the burnt area between sunny and shady slopes. The burnt area at the slope degrees 15°-25°occupied 38.4%of the total. High severity burnt area was the largest （70% of the total）, followed by moderate severity burnt area （about 10% ）, and low severity burnt area and un-burnt area （〈5%）. The majority of the forest fires in Huzhong forest region were of high severity fire, which caused great damages to the forest resources. It was gion, it would be suggested that in the forest fire management in Great Xing＇ an Mountains forest re- urgent to implement forest fuel treatments to reduce fire severity to guarantee theforest ecosystem security.

关 键 词：林火烈度 归一化火烧指数(NBR) 环境因子 过火面积 遥感 大兴安岭呼中林区 

分 类 号：S762[农业科学—森林保护学]