‘地平线’天竺葵的花芽分化及光周期特性  

Floral Bud Differentiation and Photoperiodic Characteristics of Pelargonium hortorum‘Horizon’

作　　者：王琴[1] 陈金涛[1] 叶建飞[1] 甘林叶[1] 胡惠蓉[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院园艺植物生物学教育部重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《园艺学报》2013年第4期773-781,共9页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30972020)

摘　　要：为了研究‘地平线’天竺葵的花芽分化特性及光周期对其生长发育的影响,采用石蜡切片方法观察了花芽分化的过程,探讨了7种光周期处理对始花期及开花质量的影响。结果表明:(1)‘地平线’的花芽分化过程可以划分为8个时期,持续时间大约为9周;(2)‘地平线’花芽分化时期与各生长指标(株高、株幅、真叶数和播种周数)均极显著相关,通过回归方程判断其幼龄期在5片真叶前结束;(3)‘地平线’为量性短日照植物,促其早花的最佳光周期为昼12 h/夜12 h;(4)较长日照下‘地平线’的株形高大松散,较短光周期下矮小紧凑。‘地平线’天竺葵在5片真叶前,采用16 h日照栽培,可得到健壮幼苗;5叶期后,12 h日照诱导,可促进分枝开花。To study the characteristics of floral bud differentiation （FBD） and effects of photoperiod on growth and development of Pelargonium hortorum ＇Horizon＇, paraffin section method was used in identify the process of FBD, and flowering time and flower quality were investigated as the effects of 7 kinds of photoperiod. The results show that： （1） There were 8 phases during FBD of ＇Horizon＇, and it lasted about 9 weeks. （2） Significant correlation existed between vegetative growth and FBD phases, and juvenile phase of ＇Horizon＇ ended at 5-leaf stage according to the regression equations. （3） ＇Horizon＇ was a facultative short day plant, of which the best photoperiod promoting flowering was 12 h. （4） The plants tended to have a tall and loose habit under longer days, and an opposite habit under shorter days. It is suggested that Pelargonium hortorum ＇Horizon＇ planted under long-day of 16 h before 5-leaf stage to be strong as seedlings, and then under short-day of 12 h to promote branches and flowers.

关 键 词：天竺葵 花芽分化 营养生长 光周期 开花调节 

分 类 号：S68[农业科学—观赏园艺]