水稻产量和抽穗期性状的配合力效应分析  

Combining ability effects of yield and heading traits in rice

作　　者：黄明[1] 谢放鸣[2] 陈立云[3] 刘永柱[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学国家植物航天育种工程技术研究中心,广东广州510642 [2]国际水稻研究所 [3]湖南农业大学水稻研究所,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《福建农林大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第2期119-126,共8页Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家公派留学基金项目(2008100568);国家"863"计划项目(2011AA0A10)

摘　　要：采用同一套常规水稻品种作为父本,分别与两套不同的不育系进行测交,得到两套测交组合(Set1和Set2)。其中,Set1连续进行两季(雨季和旱季)种植试验,研究亲本材料的单株产量和抽穗期的一般配合力与特殊配合力效应.2个性状的一般配合力和特殊配合力方差均达到显著水平,表明它们受加性基因和非加性基因的共同控制.运用Griffing模型Ⅰ对一般配合力和特殊配合力方差变量进行比较分析.结果表明,在雨季时,Set2母本单株产量的一般配合力方差大于父本,特殊配合力的相对效应大于亲本一般配合力的相对效应;而在雨季和旱季时,Set1表现相反,抽穗期的特殊配合力相对效应大于亲本一般配合力效应,表明杂交后代抽穗期主要受特殊配合力效应的影响.在旱季中,母本一般配合力效应大于父本一般配合力效应;在雨季中,母本与父本一般配合力效应差异不显著.Two sets of test crosses （ Set 1 and Set 2）, derived from the crosses between sixty inbred lines as its male parents and two sets of male sterile entries as female parents, respectively, were used to analyze the effects of general combining ability （GCA） and special combining ability （SCA） for yield and heading date. Set 1 was planted in two consecutive seasons （dry season, DS; wet season, WS） for the analysis. The A_NOVA analysis results showed that C, CA and SCA for the two traits were significantly different, respectively, meaning that GCA and SCA were co-controlled by additive genes and non-additive genes. Using Griffing Model I, vari- ances of C, CA and SCA were further estimated. In Set 2 （WS） , C, CA values for grain weight per plant of female parents were higher than these of male parents, the SCA effect was higher than GCA effect of the parents ; the contrary restths were found in Set 1 （ both in DS and WS）. For heading date, GCA effect of the female parents was higher than that of male parents in dry season but no difference in wet season. The SCA effect was also higher than that of parents indicating that heading date was mainly affected by SCA. It was suggested that ecological rice breeding had to be adopted to stabilize and enhance rice yield.

关 键 词：单株产量 抽穗期 一般配合力 特殊配合力 

分 类 号：S511.03[农业科学—作物学]