菌草菌糟作为饲料在奶牛饲养中的应用效果  

Application effect of Juncao spent mushroom substrate as a feed in the dairy farming

作　　者：陈晓斌[1] 张双双[1] 林春梅[1] 林占森[1] 林冬梅[1] 林辉[1] 林兴生[1] 林占熺[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学生命科学学院菌草研究所,福建福州350002

出　　处：《福建农林大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第2期179-183,共5页Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201004019)

摘　　要：选取年龄、体重、胎次、泌乳期和泌乳量基本一致的荷斯坦黑白花奶牛15头,随机分为2个试验组和1个对照组,每组5头.试验1组每头每天在基础日粮中添加2 kg菌草杏鲍菇菌糟,代替基础日粮中的甜菜粕1.5 kg,其他日粮组成与对照组相同;试验2组在基础日粮中添加1 kg菌草杏鲍菇菌糟;对照组饲喂基础日粮.研究菌草杏鲍菇菌糟对奶牛生产性能、牛乳IgG含量、奶牛血清IgG和IgM含量及经济效益的影响.结果表明:试验后,对照组、试验1组奶牛的产奶量分别较试验前下降8.21%、3.72%,试验2组的产奶量较试验前增加1.21%,表明用菌草杏鲍菇菌糟替代甜菜粕或直接添加可以减缓泌乳中期奶牛产奶量的下降趋势;试验组的牛乳品质,血清生化指标中的尿素氮、总蛋白、白蛋白、葡萄糖、胆固醇含量和谷丙转氨酶活性与对照组的差异不显著(P>0.05);试验1和2组牛乳中的IgG含量分别较对照组增加0.59、0.09 g·L-1,但差异不显著(P>0.05);试验1组奶牛血清中的IgM含量较对照组增加0.12 g·L-1,差异显著(P<0.05);试验2和1组较对照组相对每月增收分别为197.66、244.27元.Selecting 15 Holstein dairy cows with basically the same age, weight, parity, lactation and milk yield, randomly divided into two test groups and a control group. Group 1 per head per day were added spent Pleurotus eryngii substrate 2 kg, instead of beet pulp 1.5 kg, other diets were the same with control group. Group 2 were added spent P. eryngii substrate 1 leg to the basal diet. The dairy cows in control group were fed with conventional basal diet. The milk yield, milk quality, milk immunoglobulin G, the impact of cow immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M levels were studied during the experiment, at last economical benefits analysis was made. The results showed that the milk yield of control group and group 1 decreased 8.21%, 3.72% respectively than that before the test, the milk yield of group 2 increased 1.21%. It indicated that replacing beet pulp with spent P. eryngii substrate or adding spent P. eryngii substrate directly to the basal diet could slow the downward trend of the mid-lactation milk yield. The quality of milk, hlcod urea nitrogen, total protein, albumin, hloed glucose, cholesterol, alanine aminetransferase of experimental group had no significant impact （P〉0.05）. IgG contents in the milk of the experimental group 1 and 2 were 0.59 and 0.09 8 · L^-1 higher than that of the control group, but no significant difference. IgM levels of group I were 0.12 g · L^-1 higher than that of the control group, the difference was significant （ P 〈0.05）. Economic analysis showed that compared with the control group, the experimental group coald increase the income by 197.66 and 244.27 yuan per month respectively.

关 键 词：菌草 杏鲍菇菌糟 奶牛 

分 类 号：S816.35[农业科学—饲料科学]