油菜多滚筒脱粒分离装置的性能试验与分析  

Performance test and analysis of rape multi cylinder threshing and separating device

作　　者：李耀明[1] 孙韬[1] 徐立章[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学现代农业装备与技术教育部重点实验室,镇江212013

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2013年第8期36-43,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2010BAD01B06);国家"863"计划资助项目(2012AA10A502);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK2011469);江苏省农业科技支撑计划资助项目(BE2012382);江苏省高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(苏财教(2011)8号)

摘　　要：为了获取适合联合收获机多滚筒油菜脱粒分离装置的结构方式和工作参数,该文在自行研制的多滚筒脱粒分离装置试验台上进行不同喂入量、不同滚筒转速、不同脱粒凹板间隙和不同脱粒齿杆时的切轴流滚筒与横轴流滚筒组合式双滚筒脱粒分离装置(简称切轴双滚筒脱粒分离装置)与切轴流滚筒与双横轴流滚筒组合式3滚筒脱粒分离装置(简称切轴轴3滚筒脱粒分离装置)的脱粒分离性能对比试验。试验结果表明:采用切轴轴3滚筒脱粒分离装置,在喂入量为1.8kg/s,切轴流滚筒、第Ⅰ横轴流滚筒、第Ⅱ横轴流滚筒的转速依次为800、850和900r/min、凹板间隙依次为20、25和30mm、脱粒齿杆均为3排钉齿的组合方案为脱粒分离装置的脱粒损失率最小的最优组合;通过正交试验分析,得出喂入量和滚筒转速是影响脱粒分离装置脱粒损失率的主要因素。研究结果可为研制多滚筒油菜联合收获机提供参考。Problem Statement： The rape plant area is the largest in oil-bearing crops in China and accounts for a quarter of the total rape plant population in the world. However, uneven maturity of this rape limits the development of rape harvest mechanization. Currently, most researchers focus on a threshing and separating device known as a single-axial cylinder, the characteristics of which include short separating process duration, high harvest loss, and high trash content in the seed container. On the other hand, multi-cylinders, which are also threshing and separating devices, have advantages such as less damage to seeds and better performance in threshing and separating with long separating duration, large separating area, large concave drum gap and low speed. Thus, it is essential to study the optimal structure and operation parameters of the multi-cylinder threshing and separating devices. Approach： In order to obtain the optimal structure and operation parameters of the multi-cylinder threshing and separating devices for combine harvesters, comparative tests were carried out on a test bed. One combination was a tangential-horizontal axial flow （two cylinders： the first a tangential flow cylinder and the second a horizontal axial flow cylinder）. The other was a tangential-horizontal-horizontal axial flow （three cylinders： the first a tangential flow cylinder and the second and third horizontal axial flow cylinders）. The tests were conducted separately for both combinations using different feed rates, cylinder speeds, concave clearances, and tooth threshing bars. The test bed was subject to modularization. The tangential flow cylinder and horizontal axial flow cylinder were relatively simple to assemble and disassemble. The torque-speed sensors （Westzh Company, Type CYB-803S, Accuracy ±0.5% FS） were installed into the driving shafts of the threshing cylinders. The structure parameters and operation parameters were adjusted and the linear velocity of the conveyor belt, rotational speed of each cy

关 键 词：农业机械 联合收获机 农作物 多滚筒 脱粒分离 油菜 试验 

分 类 号：S225.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]