南方双层塑料大棚智能增温器的研制及试验  

Development and test of intelligent heating device for double-layer plastic greenhouse in South China

作　　者：潘永地 姚益平[2] 林建忠 

机构地区：[1]温州市气象局,温州325027 [2]浙江省气候中心,杭州310006

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2013年第8期203-211,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项经费项目(GYHY200906023)

摘　　要：为了提高大棚农业生产中的冻害防御能力,该文研制了用于南方塑料大棚冻害防御的温室大棚智能增温器,并实际试验了该增温器的使用效果和使用成本。该增温器以酒精作为燃料,以置于温室大棚内关键位置的温度传感器作为启动和关闭的信号源,能够根据棚内实际温度变化进行精确加温。在试验棚(增温器加热,长度和跨度为8m×40m的双层塑料大棚)和对照棚(不加热,长度和跨度为8m×40m的双层塑料大棚)进行了连续12d的对比试验。试验表明,在夜间试验棚的温度比对照棚高2～3℃,维持此状态6h所需要耗费的成本仅为30元左右。该增温器具有操作方便、费用较低、增温快速、使用环保的特点,为设施农业生产提供了一个高效的冻害防御工具。Plastic-covered greenhouses have become have become popular as a main method in protected horticulture in China, and their area has increased a lot. The plants were mostly thermophilic crops in greenhouses. These crops are vulnerable to freezing injury. For this reason, it is very important to study how to prevent freezing injury of these crops in greenhouses in winter. In order to develop a new tool for preventing freezing injury in plastic film greenhouses in southern China, a intelligent warming device for plastic-film greenhouses was designed and evaluated. Its structure mainly includes a control circuit board, temperature sensor, fuel tank, ignition system, wick, and other components. After this system was connected to a workstation, its temperature sensor can collect temperature in real time, and send it to micro-controller unit in the control circuit board. After these temperature data were analyzed by a program in the micro controller, a rotating signal was sent to the micro motor that drives the device cover. The cover of the warming device will automatically open until the temperature in plastic film greenhouse decreased to the set starting temperature in the micro control unit, which can be set beforehand. Generally, the set starting temperature was slightly higher than the critical temperature for freezing injury. After the cover opens, the ignition system kindles the asbestos wicks, which absorb fuel from the tank. Thus, the device releases its heat until the temperature increases to the extinction temperature set beforehand. In order to ensure device reliability, the ignition system keeps working until the wick s ignited or the ignition system starts 3 times. The device was made of iron, and it was designed to seal. It is safe for the device to work on any alcohol level in tank. A 7.4V lithium battery was used to power the device. With this power, the device is portable, it can work at any field site without line electricity. In southern China, the battery can supply for a year once fully charged. T

关 键 词：温室 加热装置 热效果 

分 类 号：S625.4[农业科学—园艺学]