青藏铁路青海段农区鼠类调查报告  

Investigation of rodents in rural areas along Qinghai-Tibet Railway inside Qinghai province, China

作　　者：李波[1] 张美文[1] 王勇[1] 郭永旺[2] 祁生源 张爱民 徐正刚[1] 张宇卫 李生楷 吴玉栋 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,洞庭湖湿地生态系统研究站,湖南长沙410125 [2]全国农业技术推广服务中心 [3]青海省农业技术推广总站 [4]格尔木市农业技术推广站 [5]湟源县农业技术推广站

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2013年第2期117-120,共4页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目(2010BAE00739-03;2012BAD19B02);农业成果转化资金项目(2007GB2F400307);公益性行业(农业)农业科研专项(200903004-01)~~

摘　　要：目的为预防内地害鼠随青藏铁路进入西藏以及该地害鼠迁入内地危害,防止鼠疫等鼠传疾病随铁路沿线流行,对青藏铁路青海段农区鼠类群落组成及密度进行调查。方法在青藏铁路青海段的湟源县、海晏县、刚察县、乌兰县、德令哈市、格尔木市,采用夹夜法在农田以及农房调查。结果农田共布放有效夹2377夹次,捕鼠8种129只,另有1只鼠残体,以小家鼠、长尾仓鼠和柴达木根田鼠为主;农房布放有效夹760夹次,捕鼠38只,另有1只鼠残体,以小家鼠和黄胸鼠为主;农田和农房鼠密度均以2010年8月乌兰县(12.45%)及德令哈市(12.77%)最高。结论格尔木市有褐家鼠和黄胸鼠分布,湟源县有黄胸鼠分布,需加强监控;鼠密度高的地区应进行控制。Objective To investigate the community compositions and population densities of rodents in the rural areas along Qinghai-Tibet Railway inside Qinghai province, China and to prevent the migration of rodent pests between Tibet and the outside regions along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and the transmission of rodent-borne diseases such as plague along this railway. Methods Trap-at-night method was used in the farmlands and farmhouses in Huangyuan county, Haiyan county, Gangcha county, Wulan county, Delingha city, and Geermu city along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway inside Qinghai province. Results In the farmlands, 2377 snap traps were used; 129 rodents （8 species） were captured, and 1 residual body of rodent was collected; Mus musculus, Cricetulus longicaudatus, and Microtus limnophilus were the dominant species. In the farmhouses, 760 snap traps were used; 38 rodents were captured, and 1 residual body of rodent was collected; M. musculus and Rattus tanezumi were the dominant species. In the farmlands, the rodent density was the highest in Wulan county （12.45%） in August 2010; in the farmhouses, the rodent density was the highest in Delingha city （12.77%） in August 2010. Conclusion There are settled populations of R. norvegicus and R. tanezumi in Geermu city and settled population of R. tanezumi in Huangyuan county. Surveillance should be enhanced to prevent migration of these rodents into Tibet along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Control measures should be taken where the rodent densities are high.

关 键 词：青藏铁路 农区 鼠类群落 密度 

分 类 号：S443[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]