洪湖湿地鹭科鸟类组织中有机氯农药的分布特征及风险评价  

Distribution characteristics of organochlorine pesticides in tissues of ardeidae and its risk assessment from Honghu Lake,southcenter China

作　　者：陈静[1] 袁林喜[1] 祁士华[1] 柯艳萍[1] 胡英[1] 张小辉[1] 于佳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院,生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室,武汉430074

出　　处：《环境化学》2013年第4期549-556,共8页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：中国博士后面上基金(第48批)(20100480928)资助

摘　　要：利用气相色谱-电子俘获检测器(GC-ECD)测定了洪湖鹭科鸟类(包括白鹭、池鹭)的胸脯肌肉、肝脏组织中的有机氯农药(OCPs)的含量.结果显示,鹭科鸟体内六六六(HCHs)、滴滴涕(DDTs)、六氯代苯、艾氏剂、七氯、环氧七氯等大部分有机氯农药均有检出.白鹭肌肉组织中HCHs和DDTs的含量范围分别为:11.3—89.4 ng.g-1和162—2149 ng.g-1(以脂重计,下同),平均值分别为37.3 ng.g-1和943 ng.g-1;肝脏组织中HCHs和DDTs的含量范围分别为:3.73—30.6 ng.g-1和280—957 ng.g-1,平均值分别为14.6 ng.g-1和566 ng.g-1.池鹭肌肉组织中HCHs和DDTs的含量范围分别为:3.61—25.8 ng.g-1和68.4—261 ng.g-1,平均值分别为11.5 ng.g-1和189 ng.g-1;肝脏组织中HCHs和DDTs的含量范围分别为:6.63—18.9 ng.g-1和147—1305 ng.g-1,平均值分别为13.1 ng.g-1和553 ng.g-1.统计分析显示,HCHs和DDTs在洪湖鹭科鸟组织中的含量差异均不显著(P>0.05).分析结果表明,洪湖湿地系统可作为有机氯污染的潜在源区,而候鸟可成为有机污染物在繁殖地与越冬地之间的传输介质.洪湖地区鹭鸟体内有机氯污染与全球其它地区相比处于较低水平,有机氯农药尚未对本区鸟类产生威胁.The concentrations of organochlorine pesticides （OCPs） in muscle and liver of waterbirds （including Egrets garzetta and Ardeola bacchus） from Honghu Lake were determined by Gas-chromatography electron capture detector （GC-ECD）. The results showed that most organochlorine pesticides such as hexachlorocyclohexane （HCHs）, dichlorodiphenyhrichloroethane （DDTs）, hexachlorobenzene （HCB）, aldrin, heptachlor, and heptachlor-epoxide were detectable. The concentrations of HCHs and DDTs in muscle of Egrets garzetta were in the range of 11.3--89.4 ng· g^-1 respectively, and those of HCHs and DDTs in liver of Egrets -1 lipid weight （lw） and 162--2149 ng· g^-1 lw garzetta were in the range of 3.73--30.6 ng· g^-1 lw and 280--957 ng· g^-1 lw respectively. The concentrations of HCHs and DDTs of Ardeola bacchus in muscle were in the range of 3.61--25.8 ng· g^-1 lw and 68.4--261 ng· g^-1 lw, and those in liver were in the range of 6.63--18.9ng· g^-1 lw and 147--13.5 ng· g^-1 lw, respectively. No significant differences were found between the levels of HCHs and DDTs in muscle and liver. The profiles of HCHs and DDTs indicated that no new inputs exist in study area for these two contaminants. Honghu wetland could be a potential source of the organochlorine contamination, migratory bird such as ardeola bacchus in the present study could likely transport pollutants from the study site to winter place. Compared with reports in other regions, the levels of OCPs in the present study were low and the risk of OCPs to birds in the study area was also low.

关 键 词：洪湖 鹭科鸟类 有机氯农药 风险评价 

分 类 号：X830.2[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4