林果机械化收获研究现状、进展与发展方向  

Development of Fruit Mechanized Harvest and Its Relevant Research

作　　者：散鋆龙[1] 牛长河[2] 乔圆圆[2] 孙小丽[2] 刘旋峰[2] 郭兆峰[2] 王学农[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学机械交通学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院农业机械化研究所/农业部林果棉与设施农业装备科学观测试验站,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2013年第3期499-508,共10页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划"新疆特色林果精深加工关键技术及装备研究与示范"(2011BAD27B02)

摘　　要：【目的】回顾与总结国内外林果机械化收获的研究现状,以及今后的发展方向,为特色林果机械化收获的进一步研究提供理论基础和科学依据。【方法】收集国内外相关文献,分析目前林果机械收获技术并汇总及系统综述。【结果】根据文献和资料统计,摇振式、接触式和林果收获平台是目前主要的机械化收获方法。提高收获效率、减少收获过程中的果实损伤仍然是今后林果机械化收获要解决的主要问题。使用机器人进行林果采摘收获是未来林果机械化发展的方向。【结论】我国林果机械化收获还处于起步阶段,随着国内林果种植面积的不断扩大和劳动力成本的不断增加,林果机械化收获滞后会严重制约了我国林果业的发展,科学合理的实施林果机械化收获是有效解决这一问题的途径之一。[ Objective ] The purpose of the research is to summarize the existing condition of the fruit harvest machinery and point out the future development direction in fruit mechanization, which might provide a theoretical basis and foundation for in - depth study of the China fruit harvesting machinery. [ Method ] Relevant literature at home and abroad was collected and systematically summarized. In addition, its related technology was analyzed. [ Result ] According to literature and statistics, shaking type, contact type and fruit harvesting platform are the main mechanical harvesting methods. How to improve harvest efficiency and reduce the fruit injury during the harvesting season are problems to be solved in the future. Using robots to pick fruits is likely to be our future direction. [ Conclusion] The fruit harvest mechanization in China is still infancy. With the continuous expansion of China＇s fruit acreage and increasingly seriously hamper the development of the fruit industry in the Mainland rising labor cost, fruit harvesting will China. Mechanized harvesting of the fruit is one of the effective ways to address this issue.

关 键 词：林果 机械化收获 现状 进展 

分 类 号：S233[农业科学—农业机械化工程]