西盟合轮恙螨在云南省部分地区的分布及宿主选择  

Distribution and host selection of Helenicula simena in some areas of Yunnan Province,China

作　　者：郭宾[1] 郭宪国[1] 耿明璐[1] 钱体军[1] 董文鸽[1] 王乔花[1] 

机构地区：[1]大理学院病原与媒介生物研究所,云南省鼠疫防控技术重点实验室分室,大理671000

出　　处：《中国人兽共患病学报》2013年第4期418-421,共4页Chinese Journal of Zoonoses

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.81060139;81160208)资助~~

摘　　要：目的对西盟合轮恙螨(Helenicula simena)在云南省部分地区的分布和宿主选择情况进行初步探讨。方法根据云南省不同地理方位、地形、地貌、气候与生态等诸多特点,于2001-2011年选取了23县(市)进行野外调查,用鼠笼(夹)加食饵诱捕小型哺乳动物(小兽)宿主。选择小兽的双侧耳廓和外耳道采集恙螨幼虫,用Hoyers液常规封片后在显微镜下逐一鉴定螨种。统计西盟合轮恙螨在不同地域、不同景观和不同宿主小兽体表的分布情况。结果所调查的23个县(市)中,有7个县(市)采集到了西盟合轮恙螨,共5 501只,占所有恙螨的5.07%。85.62%的西盟合轮恙螨采自山区地理景观,尤其是海拔较高地区;14.38%的西盟合轮恙螨采自坝区景观。宿主大类选择显示,采自啮齿目(鼠类)、攀鼩目(树鼩)和食虫目小兽体表的西盟合轮恙螨分别为91.86%、7.83%和0.31%,其它目小兽体表没有采集到该螨。宿主种类选择显示,所捕获的5目12科34属67种小兽中,有14种小兽体表采集到了西盟合轮恙螨,其中76.20%采自大绒鼠,其感染率(15.66%)比较高,其次是其他野栖小兽。结论云南省存在西盟合轮恙螨,且数量较大。该螨主要分布在海拔较高的山区地带,可寄生多种小兽宿主,宿主特异性低,但主要倾向于寄生在大绒鼠等野栖小兽体表。In this paper, we investigate the geographical distribution and host selection of Helenicula simena among dif- ferent small mammal hosts in some areas of Yunnan Province, China. A field survey was carried out in 23 counties of Yunnan Province between 2001 and 2011. The small mammal hosts were captured with mouse cages and traps. The chigger mites were mainly collected from the pairs of auricles of each small mammal host. Hoyer＇s medium was used to mount each chigger mite onto a glass slide in a conventional way. All the mounted specimen of chigger mites on the glass slides was finally identified into species under a microscope. Some conventional statistical methods were used to calculate the constituent ratio, infestation prev- alence, and infestation intensity of Helenicula simena in different geographical regions and in different hosts. A total of 108 480 individuals of chigger mites were collected from all the captured small mammal hosts. All the collected chigger mites were identified into 3 subfamilies, 24 genera and 234 species. Of 234 species of chigger mites, 5 501 individuals of Helenicula simena were collected in only 7 counties. The collected individuals of Helenicula simena accounted for 5.07 % of the total mites （108 480 individuals）. The 85.62% of Helenicula simena came from the mountainous regions and habitats while only 14.38% of Helenicula simena from flatland areas. The hosts in orders Rodentia, Scandentia and Insectivora harbored 91.86 %, 7.83 % and 0.31% of all the collected Helenicula simena. Of 67 species （in 34 genera and 12 families of 5 orders）, Eothenomys mile- tus （in genus Eothenomys and family of Rodentia） harbored 76.20% of the collected Helenicula simena, and other wild-dwell- ing small mammals came next. In Yunnan Province, Helenicula simena is mainly distributed in the mountainous regions and habitats with relatively high altitude. Helenicula simena could parasitize several different species of hosts with low host specificity, but it prefers to choose Eothenomys mile

关 键 词：恙螨 西盟合轮恙螨 地理分布 宿主选择 云南 

分 类 号：R383.4[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]