温州市部分公共场所集中空调冷却水军团菌污染状况  

Legionella Pollution in Cooling Water of Central Air Conditioning Systems in Public Places of Wenzhou

作　　者：章乐怡[1] 洪程基[1] 李毅[1] 郑文力[1] 马雪莲[1] 

机构地区：[1]温州市疾病预防控制中心,浙江325000

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2013年第4期274-277,共4页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：温州市2010科技计划项目(编号:Y20100022)

摘　　要：[目的]了解温州市公共场所集中空调冷却水中军团菌污染状况。[方法]分别于2010年、2011年共抽取温州市区30家公共场所[包括医院、宾馆（酒店）、超市（商场）]集中空调系统的冷却水126份。采用分离病原培养法及荧光定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）法进行军团菌检测。[结果]公共场所冷却塔水的军团菌检出率，2010年为62．50％，2011年为33．93％。共分离56株军团菌菌株，33株为嗜肺军团菌Lp1～15型，以Lp6、Lp1型为优势血清型，其中Lp6型占19．64％（11／56），Lp1型占17．86％（10／56），而且主要分布于医院检出的菌株中。荧光定量PCR法检测结果显示，56株军团菌16S rRNA均为阳性；且有35株mip基因检测阳性，阳性率为62．50％。[结论]温州市公共场所集中空调冷却水存在军团菌污染，以嗜肺军团菌LP6、LP1型为优势菌型。[ Objective ] To investigate Legionella pollution in cooling water of central air conditioning system in public places of Wenzhou. [ Methods ] A total of 126 water samples of cooling towers were collected from 30 public places （hospitals, hotels, and supermarkets） of Wenzhou in 2010 and 2011. Isolated pathogen cultivation and fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction （PCR） were used to detect Legionella organisms in the water samples. [ Results ] In 2010 and 2011, the positive rates of Legionella were 62.50% and 33.93%, respectively. Of the 56 strains isolated, 33 were identified as Legionellapneumophila Lp1-15, of which 19.64% was Lp6 （11/56） and 17.86% was Lp1 （10/56） and both were predominant serological types and principally derived from hospitals. According to the results of fluorescent quantitative PCR detection, positive 16S rRNA genes were found in 56 Legionella isolates, of which 35 isolates showed mip gene positive, accounting for 62.50%. [ Conclusion ] Legionella pollution is commonly found in the cooling water of central air conditioning systems in Wenzhou public places, and Lp6 and Lp1 are predominant serological types.

关 键 词：军团菌 空调冷却水 MIP基因 

分 类 号：R126.4[医药卫生—环境卫生学]