应用相平衡分配法建立湘江衡阳段沉积物重金属质量基准  

Application of Equilibrium Partitioning Approach to Establish Sediment Quality Criteria for Heavy Metals in Hengyang Section of Xiangjiang River

作　　者：韩超南[1] 秦延文[1] 郑丙辉[1] 张雷[1] 曹伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院国家环境保护河口与海岸带环境重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学》2013年第5期1715-1724,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2009ZX07528-002;2012ZX07503-02)

摘　　要：采集湘江衡阳段29个站点的表层沉积物样品,测定沉积物中4种重金属(Cu、Pb、Zn和Cd)含量及赋存形态、以及孔隙水中重金属含量,根据相平衡分配法的基本理论,考虑参与沉积物-水相平衡分配的重金属组成,实测法计算重金属的沉积物-水相平衡分配系数(Kp),分别引用美国EPA制定保护水生生物不受重金属慢性毒性影响的基本连续浓度(CCC)和我国地表水环境质量标准(GB 3838-2002)Ⅰ类水质标准,建立两种湘江衡阳段沉积物重金属质量基准(SQC)进行对比分析,其中基于美国CCC建立的湘江衡阳段沉积物重金属质量基准与国内外研究成果相比可比性较好,4种重金属(Cu、Pb、Zn和Cd)的SQC值分别为64.62、55.57、1 360.40和2.34μg.g-1,此SQC具有保护长期生活于沉积物中的底栖生物不受重金属慢性毒性影响的意义.通过单因子评价法将湘江衡阳段沉积物中重金属总量与沉积物质量基准值(SQC)进行比较,结果表明,湘江衡阳段沉积物中Cd和Pb含量水平对底栖生物具有较大的慢性毒性影响,Cd污染不容忽视.Twenty-nine surface sediment samples were collected from Hengyang sections of Xiangjiang River to detect concentrations and speciation percentage of heavy metals（Cu,Pb,Zn and Cd） in sediment and pore water.According to the Equilibrium Partitioning（EqP） approach,the sediment-water partition coefficients（Kp） of heavy metals in Hengyang section of Xiang River were revised by the bioavailable fraction,and the USEPA Criterion Continuous Concentration（CCC） which was based on aquatic toxicity of the final chronic level and GB3838-2002Ⅰ,water quality standard were introduced to establish two types of sediment quality criteria（SQC） for heavy metals（Cu,Pb,Zn and Cd） in Hengyang section of Xiangjiang River for comparison.The better SQCs（base on CCC） of Cu,Pb,Zn and Cd were 64.62,55.57,1 360.40 and 2.34 μg·g^-1,and they can protect benthic organism from being poisoned by heavy metal chronic aquatic toxicity.The ratio of heavy metal concentration and SQC was used to assess sediment quality in Hengyang section of Xiangjiang River,the result showed that concentration levels of Cd,Pb in sediment in Hengyang section of Xiangjiang River had strong chronic toxic effects,Cd pollution could not be ignored.

关 键 词：湘江衡阳段 重金属 相平衡分配法 沉积物质量基准 沉积物质量评价 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]