长江口海域底栖生态环境质量评价——AMBI和M-AMBI法  

Assessing the Benthic Ecological Status in Yangtze River Estuary Using AMBI and M-AMBI

作　　者：蔡文倩[1,2] 孟伟[2] 刘录三[2] 朱延忠[2] 周娟 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875 [2]中国环境科学研究院国家环境保护河口与海岸带环境重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学》2013年第5期1725-1734,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：中国环境科学研究院院所基金项目(gyk5091201)

摘　　要：AMBI(AZTI's Marine Biotic Index)和M-AMBI(Multivariate-AMBI)指数可以有效地评价河口和近岸海域软底质海洋大型底栖动物群落对人为和自然扰动的响应.本研究根据2009年4月在长江口采集的大型底栖动物资料,首次在长江口海域同时运用栖息密度和生物量计算AMBI(BAMBI)和M-AMBI(M-BAMBI),对其进行底栖生态质量评价.结果表明,长江口底栖生态环境皆受到不同程度的干扰,其中受干扰最严重的区域集中在杭州湾、舟山及长江口门区附近海域,与该海域的陆源排污、富营养化以及大量的海岸工程建设等有密切的关系.单因素方差分析表明,运用栖息密度和生物量计算出的两个指数值,评价结果无明显的差异.与AMBI相比,M-AMBI与本研究生物群落结构参数以及环境因子的匹配度更高,能够更有效地评价长江口底栖生态环境质量.Pearson相关分析和一元线性回归分析表明,M-AMBI与底层水体的富营养化指数之间存在线性显著负相关关系,而与表层水体的呈非线性显著负相关;AMBI与富营养化指数之间却无显著相关关系,说明M-AMBI更适合指示长江口水域的富营养化压力.Both AMBI and M-AMBI could effectively assess the benthic ecological status of estuaries and coastal systems with soft sediments,and show the response of benthic communities to human pressures and natural changes.To monitor the ecological status of Yangtze River Estuary,macroinvertebrate samples and environmental data were collected in April 2009.Results showed that the benthic habit of Yangtze River Estuary was disturbed to various degrees,especially in the watersheds of Hangzhou Bay,coastal areas of Zhoushan islands and in the inner part of Yangtze River Estuary,which was related to land resourced discharges,eutrophication and large amounts of coastal projects.No significant difference was found between the calculation results of AMBI and M-AMBI based on density and biomass,as indicated by one-way Analysis of Variance（ANOVA）.Compared with AMBI,M-AMBI could be more effective to assess the ecological status of Yangtze River Estuary because M-AMBI matched the community structure and environmental variables better.Moreover,according to results of Pearson correlation and linear regression analysis,significant negative relationships were found between the eutrophication index both in the surface and bottom water layers and M-AMBI,but no significant relationship was found between the eutrophication index and AMBI.Therefore,M-AMBI could be more suitable in indicating the eutrophication stress of Yangtze River Estuary.

关 键 词：底栖生态质量 AMBI M-AMBI 栖息密度 生物量 富营养化 长江口 

分 类 号：X820.2[环境科学与工程—环境工程]