枯草芽孢杆菌作为药物和免疫原投递载体的研究进展  

Research Progress of Bacillus subtilis as Drug and Immunogen Delivery Carrier

作　　者：岳敏杰[1] 史媛媛[1] 浮帅古[1] 王彦彬[1] 康相涛[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学牧医工程学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南省家禽种资资源创新工程研究中心,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2013年第4期85-89,共5页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：河南省世行贷款生态畜牧业项目(P100455)

摘　　要：枯草芽孢杆菌属于革兰氏阳性菌,非致病菌,其芽孢是其一种休眠体,能抵御外界恶劣的环境条件。该菌细胞壁不含内毒素,具有单层细胞外膜,动物肠道中枯草芽孢能直接分泌蛋白质到胞外。枯草芽孢杆菌是一种存在于动物的肠道中的有益菌,参与维持肠道内环境的平衡与稳定,且可刺激机体释放分泌型免疫球蛋白,有利于肠道黏膜的局部免疫,进而增强机体免疫力。因其对体液免疫和细胞免疫的特性,其菌体成为当今制备黏膜免疫疫苗的一种理想的疫苗载体。枯草芽孢杆菌具有独特的优势,使其能作为便于推广的疫苗载体进行研究。文章主要对枯草芽孢杆菌的黏膜免疫机制及其作为疫苗载体研究和应用前景进行阐述。Bacillus subtilis was a Gram-positive bacteria, and also a non-pathogenic strain, which could form spores. It was a hypopus that could withstand extreme conditions and other noxious chemicals. B.subtilis, with a monolayer cells outer membrane and endotoxin-free cell wall, could efficiently secret large amounts of heterologous proteins out of the membrane directly within animal intestine. B.subtilis as a probiotic, lived in the gut of its host, had the capacity to maintain the balance and stability of the intestinal environment and stimulate the animal to release secretory immunoglobulin. All those above advanced the local immunity of the intestinal mucosa and further enhanced the immunity. Currently,B.subtilis became an ideal vaccine vector to the preparation of mucosal immune vaccine because of its unique advantages to humoral and cellular immune. Gradually, B.subtilis, as a vaccine vector that popularized easily, turn out to be a hot research object. Here, the present study was conducted to illustrate the mechanism of mucosal immune, research progress and application prospects of B.subtilis that worked as a vaccine vector.

关 键 词：枯草芽孢杆菌 疫苗 免疫 载体 

分 类 号：Q784[生物学—分子生物学]