The Plant Vascular System: Evolution, Development and Functions  

作　　者：William J. Lucas Andrew Groover Raffael Lichtenberger Kaori Furuta Shri-Ram Yadav Yk Helariutta Xin-Qiang He Hiroo Fukuda Julie Kang Siobhan M. Brady John W. Patrick John Sperry Akiko Yoshida Ana-Flor López-Millan Michael A. Grusak Pradeep Kachroo 

机构地区：[1]Department of Plant Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California [2]US Forest Service, Pacific SW Res Stn, Institute for Forest Genetics [3]Institute of Biotechnology/Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki [4]State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University [5]Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo [6]Biology Department, University of Northern Iowa [7]School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle [8]Biology Department, University of Utah [9]Plant Nutrition Department, Aula Dei Experimental Station (CSIC) [10]USDA-ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine [11]Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Kentucky

出　　处：《Journal of Integrative Plant Biology》2013年第4期294-388,共95页植物学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported in part by the National Science Foundation (grants IOS-0752997 and IOS-0918433 to WJL; grants IOS#0749731, IOS#051909 to PK);the Department of Energy, Division of Energy Biosciences (grantsDE-FG02-94ER20134 to WJL);the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (under Agreement number58-6250-0-008 to MAG);the Spanish Ministry of Science andInnovation (MICINN) (grants AGL2007-61948 and AGL2009-09018 to AFLM);the Ministry of Education, Science, Sportsand Culture of Japan (grant 19060009 to HF);the JapanSociety for the Promotion of Science (JSPS grant 23227001to HF);the NC-CARP project (to HF);the NationalKey Basic Research Program of China (grant 2012CB114500to XH);the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant31070156 to XH);the NSFC-JSPS cooperation project(grant 31011140070 to HF and XH)

摘　　要：The emergence of the tracheophyte-based vascular system of land plants had major impacts on the evolution of terrestrial biology, in general, through its role in facilitating the development of plants with increased stature, photosynthetic output, and ability to colonize a greatly expanded range of environmental habitats. Recently, considerable progress has been made in terms of our understanding of the developmental and physiological programs involved in the formation and function of the plant vascular system. In this review, we first examine the evolutionary events that gave rise to the tracheophytes, followed by analysis of the genetic and hormonal networks that cooperate to orchestrate vascular development in the gymnosperms and angiosperms. The two essentialfunctions performed by the vascular system, namely the delivery of resources （water, essential mineral nutrients, sugars and amino acids） to the various plant organs and provision of mechanical support are next discussed. Here, we focus on critical questions relating to structural and physiological properties controlling the delivery of material through the xylem and phloem. Recent discoveries into the role of the vascular system as an effective long-distance communication system are next assessed in terms of the coordination of developmental, physiological and defense-related processes, at the whole-plant level. A concerted effort has been made to integrate all these new findings into a comprehensive picture of the state-of-the-art in the area of plant vascular biology. Finally, areas important for future research are highlighted in terms of their likely contribution both to basic knowledge and applications to primary industry.The emergence of the tracheophyte-based vascular system of land plants had major impacts on the evolution of terrestrial biology, in general, through its role in facilitating the development of plants with increased stature, photosynthetic output, and ability to colonize a greatly expanded range of environmental habitats. Recently, considerable progress has been made in terms of our understanding of the developmental and physiological programs involved in the formation and function of the plant vascular system. In this review, we first examine the evolutionary events that gave rise to the tracheophytes, followed by analysis of the genetic and hormonal networks that cooperate to orchestrate vascular development in the gymnosperms and angiosperms. The two essentialfunctions performed by the vascular system, namely the delivery of resources （water, essential mineral nutrients, sugars and amino acids） to the various plant organs and provision of mechanical support are next discussed. Here, we focus on critical questions relating to structural and physiological properties controlling the delivery of material through the xylem and phloem. Recent discoveries into the role of the vascular system as an effective long-distance communication system are next assessed in terms of the coordination of developmental, physiological and defense-related processes, at the whole-plant level. A concerted effort has been made to integrate all these new findings into a comprehensive picture of the state-of-the-art in the area of plant vascular biology. Finally, areas important for future research are highlighted in terms of their likely contribution both to basic knowledge and applications to primary industry.

关 键 词：EVOLUTION vascular development PHLOEM XYLEM nutrient delivery long-distance communication systemic signaling. 

分 类 号：Q944[生物学—植物学]