基于气象和遥感数据的河南省干旱特征分析  

Drought Characteristics in Henan Province with Meteorological and Remote Sensing Data

作　　者：唐侥[1,2,3] 孙睿[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]遥感科学国家重点实验室(北京师范大学/中国科学院遥感应用研究所),北京100875 [2]北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院,北京100875 [3]环境遥感与数字城市北京市重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2013年第4期646-655,共10页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40971221);公益性行业(气象)科研专项经费项目(200906022);欧盟FP7-ENV-2007-1(212921)

摘　　要：干旱是一种常见的自然灾害,严重影响着我国的农业生产。论文分别采用标准化降水指数(SPI)和条件植被指数(VCI)对河南省干旱时空特征进行分析,并探讨了气象干旱和农业干旱的相关性。结果表明:近60 a河南省气象干旱频率呈现出轻微上升的趋势,夏秋两季气象干旱频率较高,农业干旱频率在秋冬两季较高,气象干旱和农业干旱频率在不同季节呈现出不同的空间分布特点。整体上看,农业干旱相对于气象干旱,存在一定程度的滞后:冬季最长,约为2个月,春季较长,约为1个月,而夏季最短,小于1个月;河南省SPI和VCI的相关性具有明显的时空分布特征:冬季和春季相关性较强,夏季次之,秋季最差;平原和盆地区等冬小麦/夏玉米种植区正相关性较强,在非耕地区有所减弱,而在信阳南部等水稻种植区正相关性差。Drought is a major natural disaster that heavily affects the crop yield in China. In this paper, the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of drought in Henan Province, China, are analyzed by using standardized precipitation index （SPI） and remotely sensed vegetation condition index （VCI） respectively. In addition, by correlative analysis, we analyzed the relationship between meteorological drought and agricultural drought in Henan Province. The results show that the meteorological drought frequency appeared a slight rising trend in Henan Province during the last 60 years. The meteorological drought frequency was higher in summer and autumn, while the agricultural drought frequency was higher in autumn and winter in Henan Province. The spatial pattern of drought frequency varied from one season to another. On the whole, agricultural drought lags behind meteorological drought, with a lag of about two months in winter, almost one month in spring and less than one month in summer. Additionally, there is a strong correlation between SPI and VCI in winter and spring, while the correlation becomes worse in summer and the worst in autumn. Considering from the spatial characteristic, the positive correlation between SPI and VCI of winter wheat/summer maize planting region is better than that of the non-cultivated land, while the positive correlation is the worst for rice planting area in the south of Xinyang City.

关 键 词：干旱 河南省 标准化降水指数(SPI) 条件植被指数(VCI) 

分 类 号：S423[农业科学—植物保护]