汕头市部分人群对公共场所全面禁烟的态度及其影响因素分析  

Attitude of some population in Shantou City towards smoking bans in public places and associating factors

作　　者：苏黛丝[1] 许宇翔[1] 吴库生[2] 区永锦[1] 

机构地区：[1]汕头大学医学院公共卫生教育中心,广东汕头515041 [2]汕头大学医学院预防医学系

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2013年第2期22-27,共6页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的研究汕头市人群烟草危害认知情况,探讨公共场所全面禁烟的态度及影响因素,为汕头市制定控烟政策提供证据。方法采用目的抽样,从汕头市2个较大型汽车客运中心拦截500名候车乘客,利用统一问卷调查其人口学基本特征、吸烟与否、烟草危害认知、禁烟知晓及公共场所禁烟态度等。采用多因素二分类logistic回归分析影响调查对象对公共场所全面禁烟态度的因素。结果共调查502名候车乘客,男性占81.9%(411/502),女性占18.1%(91/502);年龄≤30岁为主,占60.6%(304/502)。88.5%(431/487)的调查对象认为吸烟对健康没有好处,73.2%(357/488)的对象知道吸烟会导致肺癌,认为吸烟会导致冠心病(19.5%,95/488)和中风(6.6%,32/488)的比例较低。69.0%(339/491)的对象认为吸二手烟会导致肺癌,而仅有22.4%(110/491)认为吸二手烟会导致冠心病。96.6%(475/502)的调查对象赞成在公共场所全面禁烟。仅有6.9%(31/447)完全知道法定的禁烟公共场所。48.7%(242/497)的调查对象认为立法可以有效地在公共场所全面禁烟,46.9%(233/497)选择了高罚款,39.8%(198/497)选择烟草危害宣传,29.2%(145/497)选择免费提供戒烟产品,26.2%(130/497)选择禁止烟草广告,18.9%(94/497)选择提高烟价。多因素回归分析表明,文化程度(OR=12.283)、吸烟危害认知(OR=5.267)、禁烟知晓(OR=0.357)是支持公共场所全面禁烟态度的影响因素。结论汕头市受调查人群公共场所全面禁烟支持率较高。文化程度、吸烟危害认知和禁烟知晓是影响公共场所全面禁烟态度的重要因素。应积极修订禁烟条例,加强烟草危害宣传,提供戒烟帮助,并据此出台能被广泛接受的有效控烟政策。Objective To identify knowledge about adverse health effects of tobacco and to exam- ine the support for smoke-free policy in Shantou. Methods Waiting passengers in large-scale bus termi- nals were selected by purposive sampling method. Face-to-face questionnaire survey were conducted to ex- amine demographic information, cigarette smoking habit, knowledge about adverse health effects of smok- ing, awareness of smoking bans and support for smoke-free policy. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with the attitude towards smoking bans in public places. Results A total of 502 waiting passengers were surveyed. Among them, 81.9% （411/502） were male and 18. 1% （91/502） were female. 60.6% （304/502）were under 30 years old. 88.5% （431/487）knew that smoking was harmful to health. The proportion of respondents who knew that smoking could cause lung cancer was 73.2% （357/488）, much higher than that of coronary heart disease （ 19. 5%, 95/488） and stroke （6. 6%, 32/488）, respectively. 69. 0% （339/491） knew that secondhand smoke could cause lung cancer, while 22.4% （ 110/491 ） knew about coronary heart disease. 96. 6% （475/502） of the respond- ents agreed with the smoke bans in pubic places. However, only 6. 9% （31/447） knew about the policy for smoke-free places. 48.7% （242/497） believed that legislation could effectively ban smoking in public places. 46. 9% （233/497） selected severe fines and 39. 8% （198/497）selected tobacco harm education. 29. 2% （145/497） approved of providing free quit-smoking products. 26. 2% （130/497） selected bans on tobacco advertising and 18. 9% （94/497） selected raising taxes on tobacco. Multivariate logistic regres- sion analysis showed that education （ OR = 12. 283 ） , knowledge about health hazards of smoking （ OR = 5. 267 ） and awareness of smoking bans （ OR = 0. 357 ） were associated with support for on smoking bans in pubic places. Conclusion Respondents in Shantou were st

关 键 词：公共场所 禁烟 二手烟 知识 

分 类 号：R163.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]