外部经济效应与政府研发补贴的效率  

External Economic Effects and the Efficiency of Government R＆D Subsidies

作　　者：韩民春[1] 曹玉平[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学经济学院,武汉430074 [2]河南大学经济学院,河南开封475001

出　　处：《管理科学》2013年第2期110-120,共11页Journal of Management Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金（08BGJ011）

摘　　要：为提高政府研发补贴资金的使用效率，使政府在科技创新领域发挥更大的杠杆促进作用，从外部经济视角出发，在对政府研发补贴促进技术创新的内在作用机制进行理论分析的基础上，利用中国14个制造行业的面板数据，借助中介效应和调节效应等内在机制分析方法，对企业吸收能力的中介效应和产业集聚的调节效应进行定量分析，实证研究中国研发补贴有多大比例促进企业吸收能力的培养以及产业集聚对提高政府研发补贴利用效率的程度。研究结果表明，中国研发补贴主要通过低效率的无外部经济效应的渠道发挥作用，而高效率的有外部经济效应的渠道作用偏小，低产业集聚水平会制约政府研发补贴对技术创新的促进作用，明确政府在科研领域的职能分工、完善补贴资金的配置机制并促进技术的良好扩散对提高中国公共补贴资金的利用效率至关重要。In order to improve the utilization efficiency of government R＆D subsidies and enable government to play a greater leverage effect in the field of scientific and technological innovation, from external economic perspective and on the basis of theoretical analysis in the internal mechanism of how government R＆D subsidies promote technological innovation, this study analyzes panel data of 14 manufacturing industries in China, by taking internal mechanism analysis methods including mediation and moderation, investigates the mediating effect of enterprises＇ absorption capacity and moderating effect of industrial agglomeration and empirically explores the proportion of China＇s government R＆D subsidies in promoting cultivation of enterprise absorption ability and the degree of industrial agglomeration in improving the utilization efficiency of government R＆D subsidies. The study found that China＇s government R＆D subsidies play a major role through the channel of low efficiency without external economic effects and a minor role through the channel of high efficiency with external economic effects; in addition, the low level of industrial clustering constrains the facilitating effect of government R＆D subsidies on technological innovation. ReSults show that the clarification of government division of functions in the field of scientific research, the improvement of allocation mechanism of the subsidies and the promotion of good diffusion of technology are critical to improve the utilization efficiency of public subsidies.

关 键 词：外部经济效应 政府研发补贴 吸收能力 产业空间集聚 技术创新 中介效应和 调节效应 

分 类 号：F420[经济管理—产业经济]