洱海湖泊及湖湾水质水生态模型及特征分析  

Three-Dimensional Modeling Study of Water Quality Processes and Characteristics in Erhai Lake

作　　者：卫志宏[1] 杨振祥[1] 唐雄飞[1] 吕兴菊[1] 孟良[1] 朱江[1] 杨四坤[1] 窦嘉顺[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国大理洱海湖泊研究中心,云南大理671000

出　　处：《昆明理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第2期93-101,共9页Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家洱海水专项(2008ZX07105-006)

摘　　要：基于环境流体动力学模型EFDC(Environmental Fluid Dynamic Code),建立了洱海湖泊及湖湾的三维水质模型.利用洱海2001年至今连续10年的水质监测数据对模型进行了率定和验证,模拟结果与实测资料吻合度较好,表明水质模型计算结果较为合理,与实测的水质情况及变化趋势一致.应用模型对洱海湖泊及湖湾的水质变化特征进行了模拟分析.结果表明,洱海水体溶解氧年际变化不明显但年内变化较大,呈现冬季高夏季低的趋势;氨氮、总氮、总磷和五日生化需氧量都表现出较为明显的时空差异,靠近北部湖湾和南部湖区的水体因入湖负荷大而导致这些水域污染物浓度较高;藻类的生长受到水温、营养盐及水动力因素的共同作用,大体呈现夏高冬低的趋势.水质模型的研究结果为洱海水环境管理和环境综合整治提供理论基础和科学依据.A three -dimensional water quality model is developed based on the Environmental Fluid Dynamic Code （EFDC） to study the water quality processes and characteristics in the Erhai Lake. The model is calibrated and veri- fied using field water quality data monitored from 2001 to 2011. The simulated results are in good agreement with the observed data and the model is able to simulate the lake water quality processes well. The modeling results indicate that seasonal variation of dissolved oxygen is significant during the year with high levels of dissolved oxygen occurring in winter and low levels in summer. Other water quality parameters including ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and BODs have significant temporal and spatial variations over the lake. Water quality in the northern and southern regions of Erhai Lake in general is worse than that in the mid - region of the lake. Algal growth is closely re- lated to temperature and nutrients, and is generally higher in summer and low in winter.

关 键 词：洱海 EFDC 三维水质模型 污染负荷 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]