1410例儿童呼吸道感染病原体分析  

Analysis on pathogens in respiratory infection in 1 410 children

作　　者：蒋最明 彭俊[1] 顾敏[1] 刘佳强[1] 纪青[1] 

机构地区：[1]株洲市一医院,湖南株洲412000

出　　处：《中国感染控制杂志》2013年第2期129-131,共3页Chinese Journal of Infection Control

摘　　要：目的了解儿童急性呼吸道感染的病原体及其感染特点。方法选取某院2011年1—12月因急性呼吸道感染收治住院的患儿1410例,采用直接免疫荧光法检测7种病毒(包括副流感病毒Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型,流感病毒A、B型,呼吸道合胞病毒和腺病毒),培养法检测细菌。分析不同月份、年龄段儿童病毒感染率及其合并细菌感染情况。结果 1410份标本中,共检出病毒阳性594份(42.13%),以呼吸道合胞病毒和腺病毒为主;检出细菌阳性258份(18.30%)。3、4、10、11月份病毒检出率较高(均>50%),7—9月病毒检出率较低(22.89%～31.40%);1～3岁组病毒检出率较高(58.04%),6～14岁组检出率较低(22.15%)。检出病毒混合感染阳性标本22份(1.56%);单一病毒感染患儿合并细菌感染157例(27.45%)。流感病毒A、B型感染组合并细菌感染率较高,分别为47.06%、47.27%。结论儿童呼吸道病毒感染率与年龄和季节均相关;病毒感染后患儿合并细菌感染率较高,其中流感病毒A、B型感染更易合并细菌感染。Objective To realize pathogens and infection characteristics of acute respiratory infections in children. Methods 1 410 hospitalized children with acute respiratory infection were selected from a hospital in 2011. Seven types of viruses（parainfluenza virus I , ]I and HI, Influenza virus A and B, respiratory syncytial virus and adenovi- rus） were detected by direct immunofluorescence assay, bacteria were cultured. Viral infection rate in different months, different ages, and associated infection were analyzed. Results Of 1 410 specimens, 594 （42. 13%） were detected positive for virus, and the main viruses were respiratory syncytial virus and adenovirus; 258 （18. 30%） specimens were detected positive for bacteria. Virus detection rates were high in March, April, October and November（all〉50%）, while low in July-September （22. 89% - 31.40%） ;Virus detection rate was high in 1 - 3 year age group（58. 04%）, while low in 6- 14 year age group （22. 15%）. Mixed virus were detected in 22 （1.56%） specimens, 157 children （27. 45%） had co-infection of single virus and bacteria. The co-infection rate of influenza virus A or B and bacteria was 47. 06%and 47.27% respectively. Conclusion Respiratory virus infection rate in children is associated with age and season. After viral infection, the associated bacterial infection is relatively higher, influenza＇virus A and B are more easily associated with bacterial infection.

关 键 词：呼吸道感染 儿童 病毒 细菌 病原体 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]