岩溶石山区坡地土壤剖面水分与蒸发特征--以桂林丫吉试验场为例  

Characteristics of moisture and evaporation on slope land soil profile in karst stone hill: A case in the Yaji experimental site

作　　者：陈国富[1,2] 姜光辉[2] 周文亮[1,2] 王开然[1,2] 杜宝林[1] 梁毅[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学地理科学学院,重庆400700 [2]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所/国土资源部、广西壮族自治区岩溶动力学重点实验室,广西桂林541004 [3]广西师范大学生命科学学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2013年第1期73-78,共6页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“岩溶峰丛洼地地区坡面流研究”(40802063);国家自然科学基金项目“气候变化对岩溶地区蒸散作用及水文过程的影响”(41172231);国土资源部公益性行业科研专项“地下水典型试验场科学观测与综合研究”(200911004)

摘　　要：选取桂林丫吉试验场岩溶石山坡面上典型覆盖土壤的两个单元体为对象,对其土壤剖面层含水量的分布变化、土壤蒸发速率大小及其相关影响因素进行分析研究,结果表明:(1)土壤剖面最大含水率层位于土壤底部与基岩的交界处,中间过渡层土壤含水量最少,表层土壤水分受外界因素影响而变化显著;(2)在夏季岩溶石山区地表蒸发强烈,直径10cm的土壤柱日蒸发量为5～12mL之间,夜蒸发量在0～3mL之间;(3)几天内决定地表土壤日蒸发量(y)大小的因素主要是太阳辐射(x2)和土壤温度(x4),其关系式可表示为:y=18.018+0.001x2-0.691x4。Two typical covering soil units located in karst hill in the Yaji Experimental Site in Guilin are cho- sen as the research object to analyze the moisture distribution and evaporation rate as well as the related in- fluencing factors on soil profile. The result shows that （1）the soil maximum moisture content layer is located at the junction of the bottom soil and bedrock, the least moisture content at the middle transition layer soil, and the moisture content on the surface soil changes significantly with environments~ （2）evaporation is high in summer, with the amount up to 10 mL to 12 mL in 10 cm soil column by day and 0 mL to 3 mL by night; （3）the main factors determining the diurnal evaporation （y） in short terms include solar radiation （x2） and soil temperature （x4）,the equation is： y=18. 018＋0. 001x2--0. 691x4.

关 键 词：岩溶石山区 土壤含水量 土壤蒸发 气象因素 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]