2000年以来黄河入海水沙变化及河口演变分析  

Study on Change of Flow and Sediment Entering into the Sea and the Yellow River Estuary Evolution Since 2000

作　　者：王开荣[1] 于守兵[1] 茹玉英[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄河水利科学研究院水利部黄河泥沙重点实验室,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《人民黄河》2013年第4期11-13,126,共4页Yellow River

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项(201101008)

摘　　要：利用实测资料对小浪底水库运用以来黄河入海水沙情势变化及其演变效应进行了系统分析和概括,结果表明:2000年以来黄河入海水沙数量急剧减少,尤其是泥沙数量减少更甚,含沙量减小的特征十分明显;汛期水、沙数量占全年水、沙数量的比例也有了一定程度减小,小于500 m3/s的小流量历时大幅度延长;小浪底水库的初期运用以及下游发生的全程冲刷使得入海泥沙有所变粗;从现阶段河道冲淤、水位、淤积延伸造陆以及尾闾口门河势变化来看,黄河口的演变正处于微变化或逆转性状态,并使得现行流路行河年限明显加长。Observed data had been used for systemic analysis and generalization on change of flow and sediment entering into the sea of the Yellow River and its evolution effect since application of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir. The results show that ： flow and sediment entering into the sea has been significantly decreased since 2000, especially sediment volume, and also sediment concentration; ratios of flow and sediment volume in flood season to in the whole year has been decreased to some degree, and duration of flow discharge less than 500 m3/s has been greatly increased; sediment en- tering into the sea is coarsened owing to initial stage application of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir and therefore scouting at the downstream of the lower Yellow River; the estuary is in the stage of slight change or reversion, and has a significantly increasing course life from the view of channel degra- dation and aggradation, water level, land making and river regime.

关 键 词：河口演变 水沙条件 小浪底水库 黄河口 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学] TV882.1[水利工程—水文学及水资源]