茶树硬枝扦插试验研究  

An Experiment on Hardwood Cutting of Tea Plants

作　　者：王世斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]金陵科技学院园艺学院,江苏南京210038

出　　处：《金陵科技学院学报》2013年第1期60-64,共5页Journal of Jinling Institute of Technology

基　　金：金陵科技学院科研立项课题(40410298)

摘　　要：茶树嫩枝扦插是茶树无性繁殖的主要方法,而茶树硬枝扦插由于其成活率低、长势差,不能被生产上应用。为了充分利用茶树硬枝,扩大无性繁殖系数,研究茶树硬枝短穗与扦插成活率、茶苗长势的关系,进行了采用3cm、5cm、7cm三种不同长度硬枝短穗和留全叶、留叶2/3、留叶1/2三种不同留叶硬枝短穗的比较试验。结果表明:茶树硬枝长度5cm、留叶2/3的短穗扦插效果较好,成活率达88.3%,平均着叶数7.6片,苗高27cm,25cm以上苗达85.6%。结论阐明了影响茶树硬枝扦插成活率及长势的内因和外因,提高扦插成活率的关键是剪取适合的短穗和加强苗圃管理,试验达到了茶树无性繁殖的效果,为茶树硬枝扦插技术及推广应用提供了理论基础,为茶树良种繁殖提供了一项有效方法。Hardwood cutting of tea plants is the main method of asexual reproduction. Ouing to its low survival rate and poor growth, hardwood cutting of tea trees cannot be applied in the production of tea. In order to make full use of hardwood and increase the co-efficient of asexual propagation, this paper explores the relationship among short spike on tea hardwood, survival rate with cutting, and seedling length potential. A comparative experiment is conducted with three different lengths of short spike on tea hardwood, that is, 3 cm, 7 cm, 5 cm and three dif- ferent leaves of short spikes, that is, full leaf, leaf 2/3, leaf 1/2. The results show that the tea tree has a better cutting effect with tea hardwood length 5 cm and leaf 2/3, and the survival rate is 88. 3%; the average leaf number is 7.6, the height reaches 27 cm, and 25 cm seedlings cover 85.6%. The experiments explain the internal and external factors for the effect of hard- wood cuttings on survival rate and growth of tea trees. Increasing the survival rate and strengthening nursery management can raise the effect of tea asexual propagation. The paper provides a theoretical basis for tea hardwood cutting technology and its application.

关 键 词：茶树 硬枝扦插 繁殖 育苗 

分 类 号：S615[农业科学—园艺学]